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EPSRC-SFI:Tailored Production and Utilisation of Sustainable Low Cost Lignocellulosic Advanced Biofuel Blends as Diesel and Petrol Substitutes:SusLABB

EPSRC-SFI：可持续低成本木质纤维素先进生物燃料混合物的定制生产和利用作为柴油和汽油替代品：SusLABB

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T033088/1
负责人：
Alison Tomlin
金额：
$ 139.83万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT033088%2F1
关键词：
EPSRC SFI Tailored Production Utilisation

项目摘要

The project will develop methodologies for a novel, fully tailored, biofuel blend production process which optimises the blends and their production design parameters on the basis of a range of targets: performance in engines, real world emissions on blending with gasoline and diesel, overall sustainability, practical suitability for automotive use, and biofuel production costs. The aim is to develop a process design which is able to use a variety of low grade biomass feedstocks, thus contributing to the requirements of the next phase of the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED) for increased use of advanced biofuels. The transport sector contributes ~14% to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, principally from petroleum derived liquid fuels. Transport therefore presents a key challenge in developing low carbon economies. Due to energy density challenges in developing alternative drive trains, or propulsion systems for heavy goods, shipping and aviation sectors, societal reliance on liquid fuels is likely to continue beyond the near term. It is therefore crucial to produce liquid fuels with lower lifetime GHG emissions compared to fossil fuels. This is mandated by the EU through the RED requiring member states to source >10% of transport energy from renewables by 2020, rising to 32% by 2030. The revised RED II requires all road transport fuels sold in the EU to include a minimum 3.5 % of "advanced biofuels" - liquid fuels derived from non-fossil feed stocks not in direct competition with food for land use; essentially stipulating the use of lignocellulose and wastes. Advanced biofuels face challenges to be cost competitive with fossil fuels, and even 1st generation biofuels, due to the inferior nature of lignocellulosic feed stocks. Methodologies with fewer processing steps offer greater potential for cost effective production are thus emphasised in this work which will develop optimal processes for the production of biofuel blends compatible with either diesel or gasoline. The use of biofuel blends may present advantages over single component biofuels such as ethanol, as multi-component mixtures can extend blend walls and therefore potentially promote the use of larger biofuel fractions on blending with petroleum fuels, leading to the potential for greater GHG reductions. The project will develop a process for the production of biofuel blends based on alkylevulinate, ester and alcohol components via several different starting alcohol routes. In Phase I, experimental studies will parameterise the performance of various acid hydrolysis configurations on different sugar and carbohydrate sources (e.g. model compounds, miscanthus, cellulose, algae, household wastes), using methanol, ethanol, butanol, and different acid types. The influence of temperature, pressure, and reaction time, on yields, energy requirements, process difficulty and product compatibility with existing infrastructure will be studied. In parallel, important chemical and physical properties of the biofuel blends will be determined, as well as sustainability factors, providing boundaries on feasible fractions of the different components in the blended fuel. In Phase II detailed engine emissions and performance characteristics of the fuels on blending with diesel/gasoline will be investigated, using experimental and model simulation tools. Real world emissions factors will be established for the fuel blends based on instrumented engines and on-road vehicles. These emissions factors as well as all techno-economic factors will feed into a final lifecycle techno-economic-sustainability (TES) assessment to determine optimal blends. Both GHG and emissions of relevance to air quality will be included. This TES will be coupled to an optimisation procedure to determine process conditions suitable for the production of optimal blends. The overall output of the project will be a process design suitable for producing an optimum techno-economic & sustainable advanced biofuel.

该项目将开发一种新型的、完全定制的生物燃料混合物生产工艺的方法，该工艺根据一系列目标优化混合物及其生产设计参数：发动机性能、与汽油和柴油混合时的真实的世界排放、整体可持续性、汽车使用的实际适用性以及生物燃料生产成本。其目的是开发一种能够使用各种低级生物质原料的工艺设计，从而有助于欧盟可再生能源指令（RED）下一阶段增加使用先进生物燃料的要求。交通运输部门约占全球温室气体排放量的14%，主要来自石油衍生液体燃料。因此，交通运输是发展低碳经济的一个关键挑战。由于开发替代传动系统或重型货物、航运和航空部门的推进系统面临的能源密度挑战，社会对液体燃料的依赖可能会在短期内持续下去。因此，至关重要的是生产与化石燃料相比具有较低寿命温室气体排放的液体燃料。这是欧盟通过RED要求成员国到2020年从可再生能源中获得>10%的运输能源，到2030年上升到32%。修订后的RED II要求在欧盟销售的所有道路运输燃料中至少包含3.5%的“先进生物燃料”-来自非化石原料的液体燃料，不与土地使用的粮食直接竞争;基本上规定使用木质纤维素和废物。由于木质纤维素原料的劣质性质，先进的生物燃料面临与化石燃料甚至第一代生物燃料具有成本竞争力的挑战。具有较少加工步骤的方法提供了更大的潜力，因此强调在这项工作中，将开发最佳的工艺，用于生产与柴油或汽油相容的生物燃料混合物。生物燃料混合物的使用可能比乙醇等单组分生物燃料具有优势，因为多组分混合物可以扩大混合壁，因此可能促进使用较大的生物燃料馏分与石油燃料混合，从而有可能实现更大的温室气体减排。该项目将开发一种工艺，通过几种不同的起始醇路线生产基于乙酰丙酸烷基酯、酯和醇组分的生物燃料混合物。在第一阶段，实验研究将使用甲醇、乙醇、丁醇和不同的酸类型，对不同糖和碳水化合物来源（例如，模型化合物、芒草、纤维素、藻类、家庭废物）的各种酸水解配置的性能进行参数化。将研究温度、压力和反应时间对产率、能量需求、工艺难度和产品与现有基础设施的兼容性的影响。同时，将确定生物燃料混合物的重要化学和物理性质以及可持续性因素，为混合燃料中不同成分的可行比例提供界限。在第二阶段，将使用实验和模型模拟工具研究与柴油/汽油混合的燃料的详细发动机排放和性能特征。将根据装有仪表的发动机和道路车辆确定混合燃料的真实的世界排放系数。这些排放因素以及所有技术经济因素将纳入最终的生命周期技术经济可持续性（TES）评估，以确定最佳混合物。温室气体和与空气质量有关的排放都将包括在内。该TES将与优化程序相结合，以确定适合生产最佳混合物的工艺条件。该项目的总体产出将是一种适合生产最佳技术经济和可持续先进生物燃料的工艺设计。