REFLEX AND FINE FORCE DYNAMICS OF THE PERIORAL SYSTEM

来自本体感觉和皮肤的传入信息 机械敏感输入被认为对于时刻到时刻都很重要 动作的协调。小的运动和力量，与 熟练的运动行为，已被证明更依赖于外设 投入比大的运动和力量更重要。一些皮肤和肌肉 感受器对小幅度输入表现出最大的敏感性 信号。语言产生，被认为是一种精细的运动技能，由以下几项组成 微小的运动和力量，被认为高度依赖于 正在发展和成熟的持续运动控制的传入信息 神经系统。到目前为止，关于神经的详细信息 精密电机生产过程中机械传感输入的集成 口周复合体中的行为仍不清楚。 我们建议探讨传感器运动集成的问题在 口周复合体在精细运动控制中的新方向 对小运动和小作用力是 更依赖于外围输入，而不是大的运动和力量。这 假说对言语运动控制的研究特别有吸引力 因为关节的运动通常被认为需要 在部队招募中进行精确的时空调整 口周复合体内肌肉的复杂排列。这项建议 概述了一系列旨在量化相互作用的研究 受控的机械感觉输入和反射驱动的口周运动单元 在产生熟练的运动行为时，包括1)细微的力量 控制，(2)精细位置控制，和(3)语音运动控制。 这些实验将提供新的、有价值的基本信息 口周机制的生理学特性。此信息应为 使学生更好地了解 精细的运动控制，包括语音产生，更重要的是， 提供概念框架和广泛的规范数据库，用于 未来对神经运动性言语障碍的研究。

Afferent information derived from proprioceptive and cutaneous mechanosensitive inputs is considered important for the moment-to-moment coordination of movement. Small movements and forces, associated with skilled motor behavior, have been shown to be more dependent on peripheral inputs than large movements and forces. A number of cutaneous and muscle receptors exhibit their greatest sensitivity to small amplitude input signals. Speech production, considered a fine motor skill consisting of small movements and forces, is hypothesized to be highly dependent upon afferent information for ongoing motor control in the developing and mature nervous system. To date, detailed information concerning the neural integration of mechanosensory inputs during the production of fine motor behaviors in the perioral complex remains unknown. We propose to approach the problem of sensorimotor integration in the perioral complex during fine motor control from a new direction in consideration of the hypothesis that small movements and small forces are more dependent on peripheral inputs than large movements and forces. This hypothesis is especially appealing for studies of speech motor control since movements of the articulators are generally considered to require precise spatial and temporal adjustments in force recruitment among the complex array of muscles within the perioral complex. This proposal outlines a series of studies intended to quantify the interactions between controlled mechanosensory input and reflexively driven perioral motor units during the production of skilled motor behaviors, including 1) FINE FORCE CONTROL, (2) FINE POSITION CONTROL, and (3) SPEECH MOVEMENT CONTROL. The experiments will provide new and valuable information on fundamental physiologic properties of the perioral mechanism. This information should lead to a better understanding of basic sensorimotor mechanisms involved in fine motor control, including speech production, and more importantly, provide a conceptual framework and extensive normative database for use in future investigations of neuromotor speech disorders.