REFLEX AND FINE FORCE DYNAMICS OF THE PERIORAL SYSTEM

来自本体感觉和皮肤的传入信息 机械敏感输入被认为是重要的时刻到时刻 运动的协调。 小的运动和力量，与 熟练的运动行为，已被证明更依赖于周边 输入比大的运动和力量。 许多皮肤和肌肉 感受器对小幅度输入表现出最大的敏感性 信号. 言语产生，被认为是一种精细的运动技能，包括 小的运动和力量，假设是高度依赖于 在发育和成熟过程中进行运动控制的传入信息 神经系统 到目前为止，关于神经系统的详细信息 精细运动产生过程中机械感觉输入的整合 口周复合体中的行为仍然未知。 我们建议处理的问题，感觉运动的整合，在 口周复合体在精细运动控制过程中从一个新的方向， 考虑到小的运动和小的力量是 更依赖于外围输入，而不是大的运动和力量。 这 这一假说对于言语运动控制的研究尤其有吸引力 由于通常认为咬合架的运动需要 * 在空间和时间上对部队招募进行精确调整， 口周复合体内复杂的肌肉阵列。 这项建议 概述了一系列旨在量化 受控的机械感觉输入和反射驱动的口周运动单位 在熟练运动行为的产生过程中，包括1）精细力 控制，（2）精细位置控制，和（3）语音移动控制。 这些实验将提供新的和有价值的信息， 口周机制的生理特性。 这些信息应该 导致更好地理解参与的基本感觉运动机制， 精细运动控制，包括语言产生，更重要的是， 提供概念框架和广泛的规范数据库， 神经运动性言语障碍的未来研究。

Afferent information derived from proprioceptive and cutaneous mechanosensitive inputs is considered important for the moment-to-moment coordination of movement. Small movements and forces, associated with skilled motor behavior, have been shown to be more dependent on peripheral inputs than large movements and forces. A number of cutaneous and muscle receptors exhibit their greatest sensitivity to small amplitude input signals. Speech production, considered a fine motor skill consisting of small movements and forces, is hypothesized to be highly dependent upon afferent information for ongoing motor control in the developing and mature nervous system. To date, detailed information concerning the neural integration of mechanosensory inputs during the production of fine motor behaviors in the perioral complex remains unknown. We propose to approach the problem of sensorimotor integration in the perioral complex during fine motor control from a new direction in consideration of the hypothesis that small movements and small forces are more dependent on peripheral inputs than large movements and forces. This hypothesis is especially appealing for studies of speech motor control since movements of the articulators are generally considered to require precise spatial and temporal adjustments in force recruitment among the complex array of muscles within the perioral complex. This proposal outlines a series of studies intended to quantify the interactions between controlled mechanosensory input and reflexively driven perioral motor units during the production of skilled motor behaviors, including 1) FINE FORCE CONTROL, (2) FINE POSITION CONTROL, and (3) SPEECH MOVEMENT CONTROL. The experiments will provide new and valuable information on fundamental physiologic properties of the perioral mechanism. This information should lead to a better understanding of basic sensorimotor mechanisms involved in fine motor control, including speech production, and more importantly, provide a conceptual framework and extensive normative database for use in future investigations of neuromotor speech disorders.