PRIMING & MEMORY IN AMNESIA & ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

该研究调查了痴呆症患者的启动效应 阿尔茨海默病类型(DAT)和健忘症的关系 到知觉学习能力和记忆表现。引爆 指的是各种现象，借此呈现一种 项(质数)便于后续处理 与素数相关的相同项或不同项。因此，引爆 反映了感知的持续后果，因此 代表某种形式的保留。引爆可以被认为是 位于知觉功能和助记功能之间的界面上 并因此允许在 相互作用的知觉和记忆过程的更大背景。 这一点在比较相对单纯的健忘症和 和DAT，其中内存不足发生在设置更多 广泛性认知障碍。本研究将确定 在两个患者群体中启动的程度和限度 将这些与证候的理论解释联系起来。两者都有 重复启动(实验1至3)与语义启动 (实验4.5)将进行评估。实验1比较了引爆 中具有良好表示形式的项的 词汇/语义记忆(真实单词)对以下项目的启动 这样的表述并不存在(无意义的音节)。实验 2直接比较启动和知觉技能学习，还 介绍已知会影响启动和启动的操作 不同的识别记忆。在实验3中，图片 使用的材料，这允许启动的‘字面’ 将表示与启动表示进行比较 更抽象的层次。实验4是一项语义研究 启动WHERE主目标异步(时间差 主要刺激和目标刺激的开始)被操纵以使得 这两个群体的语义启动的时间进程可以是 并与正常受试者进行比较。在决赛中 引爆试验，介绍引爆条件下引爆 产生成本效果，以便自动 并且可以确定启动过程中的注意过程。全 实验还涉及识别记忆的测量。

The study investigates priming effects in patients with Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (DAT) and Amnesia and relates these effects to perceptual learning ability and memory performance. Priming refers to a variety of phenomena whereby the presentation of one item (the prime) facilitates subsequent processing of either that same item or a different item related to the prime. Thus, priming reflects persistent consequences of perception and therefore represents some form of retention. Priming may be regarded as lying on the interface between perceptual and mnemonic functions and, therefore, allows memory defects to be investigated within a larger context of interacting perceptual and mnemonic processes. This is important in a comparison between relatively pure amnesia and DAT, where memory deficits occur in the setting of more generalized cognitive impairment. The present study will determine the extent and limits of priming in the two patient populations and relate these to theoretical interpretation of the syndromes. Both repetition priming (experiments 1 to 3) and semantic priming (experiments 4.5) will be assessed. Experiment 1 compares priming of items which have well established representations in lexical/semantic memory (real words) to priming of items for which such representations do not exist (nonsense syllables). Experiment 2 directly compares priming and perceptual skill learning and also introduces manipulations which are known to affect priming and recognition memory differently. In experiment 3, pictorial materials are employed, which allows priming of 'literal' representations to be compared to priming of representations at a more abstract level. Experiment 4 is an investigation of semantic priming where prime-target asynchrony (the time difference between the onset of prime and target stimulus) is manipulated such that the time course of semantic priming in the two populations can be determined and compared to that of normal subjects. In the final priming experiment, conditions are introduced where priming produces cost effects such that the relationship between automatic and attentional processes in priming can be determined. All experiments also involve measures of recognition memory.