Amplification of electromagnetic waves by a rotating body

旋转体对电磁波的放大

• 批准号: EP/W007444/1
• 负责人: Hendrik Ulbricht
• 金额: $ 110.46万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW007444%2F1
• 关键词: Amplification; electromagnetic; waves; rotating; body

This is a blue-sky research proposal that aims to provide the first experimental evidence of a 50-year-old prediction in fundamental physics: the amplification of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the interaction with a rotating metallic or absorbing sphere. The importance of demonstrating this effect lies, in a first instance, in the underlying physical concept that mechanical rotation can induce the creation of negative frequencies. The presence of these negative frequencies is what causes the transition from absorption to gain and hence amplification of reflected waves. This prediction was first made by Zel'dovich in 1971 and is tightly connected to Roger Penrose's proposal in 1969 that it might be possible to extract energy from a rotating black hole. Zel'dovich's idea involving EM waves, has never been verified experimentally due to the apparently impossible technological barrier in realizing the amplification condition: the mechanical object rotation rates need to be faster than the oscillation frequency of the EM wave. The investigators have made a breakthrough discovery in the past 12 months that resolves the technological issue by resorting to evanescent field coupling to the absorbing object. This concept has been theoretically and experimentally verified with sound waves and theoretically extended to EM waves in a superconducting circuit. Looking forward, we aim to implement experiments that will show amplification of superconducting circuit modes that enclose and are evanescently coupled to a levitated metallic microsphere rotating at MHz frequencies. We will also study how achieving this will pave the way to observing the amplification and detection of quantum EM fluctuations, thus potentially providing new and exciting routes towards single photon interactions in superconducting circuits.

这是一项蓝天研究提案，旨在为基础物理学中一个50年前的预测提供第一个实验证据：电磁波在与旋转金属或吸收球体相互作用时的放大。首先，证明这种效应的重要性在于基本的物理概念，即机械旋转可以引起负频率的产生。这些负频率的存在导致从吸收到增益的转变，从而放大反射波。这个预言最早是由泽尔多维奇在1971年提出的，并且与罗杰·彭罗斯在1969年提出的可能从旋转黑洞中提取能量的提议紧密相关。Zel'dovich的想法涉及EM波，由于在实现放大条件方面显然不可能的技术障碍而从未被实验验证：机械物体的旋转速率需要比EM波的振荡频率更快。在过去的12个月中，研究人员取得了突破性的发现，通过将倏逝场耦合到吸收物体来解决技术问题。这一概念已在理论和实验上得到验证，声波和理论上扩展到电磁波在超导电路。展望未来，我们的目标是实施实验，将显示放大的超导电路模式，封闭和渐逝耦合到一个悬浮的金属微球在MHz的频率旋转。我们还将研究如何实现这一目标将铺平道路，以观察放大和检测量子电磁波动，从而可能提供新的和令人兴奋的路线，实现超导电路中的单光子相互作用。

项目成果

Mechanical rotation modifies the manifestation of photon entanglement

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.5.l022005
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Physical Review Research
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: M. Cromb;S. Restuccia;G. Gibson;M. Toroš;M. Padgett;D. Faccio

Ultrasensitive magnetometry with levitated ferromagnetic torque sensors

具有悬浮铁磁扭矩传感器的超灵敏磁力测量

• DOI: 10.26226/m.6275705966d5dcf63a311451
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Ulbricht H

Research campaign: Macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO)

研究活动：宏观量子谐振器（MAQRO）

• DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/aca3cd
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Quantum Science and Technology
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Kaltenbaek, Rainer;Arndt, Markus;Aspelmeyer, Markus;Barker, Peter F.;Bassi, Angelo;Bateman, James;Belenchia, Alessio;Bergé, Joel;Braxmaier, Claus;Bose, Sougato
• 通讯作者: Bose, Sougato

Collapse Models: A Theoretical, Experimental and Philosophical Review.

• DOI: 10.3390/e25040645
• 发表时间: 2023-04-12
• 期刊: Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

Levitated Micromagnets in Superconducting Traps: A New Platform for Tabletop Fundamental Physics Experiments.

• DOI: 10.3390/e24111642
• 发表时间: 2022-11-11
• 期刊: Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)