NUTRITIONAL EFFECTS ON ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID COMPOSITION

营养对必需脂肪酸组成的影响

• 批准号: 5200245
• 负责人: N SALEM
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/5200245
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; arachidonate; dietary lipid; essential fatty acids; fatty acid biosynthesis; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; human subject; human tissue; infant human (0-1 year); interview; laboratory rat; lipid structure; liver metabolism; long chain fatty acid; nutrient drug interaction; nutrient requirement; nutrition related tag; omega 3 fatty acid; unsaturated fatty acids

Our studies have demonstrated that alcohol abuse leads to a decrease in the level of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonate (20:4n6) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n3). It is hypothesized that the lowered level of these important cell membrane constituents leads to alterations in cellular function that may underlie some aspects of alcohol-induced organ injuries and that prevention or restoration of this decrement in essential fatty acids may be of therapeutic benefit to alcoholics. Recent studies have focused upon elucidating the ability of humans to biosynthesize these fatty acids in vivo from their 18-carbon precursors in order to gain a better understanding of the ability of humans to compensate for their losses, for example, in the liver. It has been demonstrated for the first time that humans can biosynthesize 20:4n6 in vivo and that this capability is developed at least by 33 weeks gestational age in infants. The largest controlled dietary studies thus far conducted have shown that increased levels of long chain n-3 fatty acids like 20:5n3 and 22:6n3 in the diet lead to a lower accretion of n-3 metabolites in vivo. Progress has also been made in developing a rat model of extreme neural 22:6n3 deficiency using the artificial rearing where the diet may be controlled throughout nearly the entire life cycle. Behavioral studies indicate poorer performance on social learning tasks in rats with lower levels of brain 22:6n3.

我们的研究表明，酗酒会导致 长链多不饱和脂肪酸如花生四烯酸 (20：4n6）和二十二碳六烯酸酯（22：6n3）。 据推测， 这些重要的细胞膜成分的水平降低导致 细胞功能的改变可能是 酒精引起的器官损伤，以及预防或恢复这种损伤， 必需脂肪酸的减少可能具有治疗益处， 酗酒者 最近的研究集中在阐明 人类在体内从其18-碳合成这些脂肪酸 为了更好地了解这些能力， 例如，在肝脏中的损失。 它有 首次证明人类可以生物合成20：4n6 在体内，这种能力至少在33周内形成， 婴儿的胎龄。 因此，最大的控制饮食研究 迄今为止的研究表明，长链n-3脂肪酸水平的增加 日粮中20：5N3和22：6N3等酸性物质可降低N-3的积累 体内代谢物。 在培养大鼠方面也取得了进展 用人工饲养的极端神经22：6n3缺乏模型 其中饮食可以在几乎整个生命周期中被控制。 行为研究表明，在社会学习任务中表现较差 大脑中22：6n3水平较低的大鼠。