MultidiSciplinary and MultIscale approach for coupLed processes induced by geo-Energies

地热能、二氧化碳储存和地下能源储存等地球能源在促进实现《巴黎协定》的气候变化目标方面具有巨大潜力。然而，他们的部署受到阻碍，缺乏一个充分的理解的过程中引起的地下大规模的流体注入/提取。所涉及的各种过程（例如，流体流动、地质力学、地球化学和热效应）意味着复杂的相互作用，如果不考虑主要的耦合过程，就无法预测这种相互作用，而这一点很少考虑。因此，一些早期的地球能源项目偶尔会产生不可预测的后果，如有感和破坏性的诱发地震、天然气泄漏和含水层污染，削弱了公众对地球能源的看法。SMILE旨在通过培训新一代年轻研究人员来克服开发地球能源解决方案的挑战，这些年轻研究人员将成为理解和预测耦合过程的专家。因此，他们将能够提出创新解决方案，成功部署地下低碳能源，同时保护地下水和相关生态系统。为了实现这一雄心勃勃的目标，早期研究人员将接受关于耦合过程的实验，数学和数值建模，升级技术和地面变形监测的跨学科培训，使用来自高度仪器化的试点测试和工业现场的现场数据。SMILE的培训由学术和工业合作伙伴设计，旨在培养具有科学技术和可转移技能的竞争力研究人员，以提高他们在学术界，工业界和公共部门的就业能力。该项目的产出将在很大程度上得到传播。将通过一系列引人注目的举措实现与社会的联系。SMILE将为确保清洁和低碳能源的社会挑战做出重大贡献。

Geo-energies, such as geothermal energy, CO2 storage and underground energy storage, have a great potential to contribute to meet the Paris Agreement targets on climate change. Yet, their deployment has been hindered by a lack of a full understanding of the processes that are induced in the subsurface by large-scale fluid injection/extraction. The various processes involved (e.g., fluid flow, geomechanical, geochemical and thermal effects) imply complex interactions that cannot be predicted without considering the dominant coupled processes, which is rarely done. As a result, some early geo-energy projects have occasionally developed unpredicted consequences, such as felt and damaging induced earthquakes, gas leakage and aquifer contamination, dampening public perception on geo-energies. SMILE aims at overcoming these challenges in developing geo-energy solutions by training a new generation of young researchers that will become experts in understanding and predicting coupled processes. Thus, they will be capable of proposing innovative solutions for the successful deployment of subsurface low-carbon energy sources while protecting groundwater and related ecosystems. To achieve this ambitious goal, the early-stage researchers will be exposed to an interdisciplinary training on experimental, mathematical and numerical modelling of coupled processes, upscaling techniques and ground deformation monitoring using field data from highly instrumented pilot tests and industrial sites. The training in SMILE has been designed by both academic and industrial partners to train competitive researchers with both technical-scientific and transferable skills to enhance their employability in academia, industry and public sector. The outputs of the project will be largely disseminated. Outreach to society will be achieved through a conspicuous series of initiatives. SMILE will make a significant contribution to the societal challenges of securing clean and low-carbon energy sources.