Technology and Use of Neolithic Pottery from North Macedonia

新石器时代早期（EN）是人类历史上的一个关键时期，当时流动的狩猎-采集群体广泛地过渡到以农业为基础的久坐生活方式，dna和驯化证据表明安纳托利亚和欧洲农业社区之间的关系和运动。其中一个重要部分是陶瓷容器的广泛采用和生产，这为研究新的农业实践（如乳制品）的发展、技术实践的发展以及与不同食物方式（如烹饪）相关的功能性陶器类别的创建提供了重要的数据来源。位于约克大学的TECUS将是第一个跨学科项目，利用考古，实验和实验室为基础的方法，全面调查北马其顿EN陶器（公元前6200-5500BC）的生产和使用。这是新石器时代南部和北部路线的关键区域，连接着安纳托利亚西部的先驱区，地中海和中欧。然而，与邻近地区不同的是，来自北马其顿的EN陶瓷没有受到使用基于实验室方法的综合计划的详细材料分析的影响，因此，关于技术知识的分布和传播，新石器时代陶工在不同景观中使用的原材料资源，陶瓷容器的使用方式，以及特色陶器风格的发展与当前文化认同和地理边界观念的关系。TECUS中使用的独特方法组合包括薄片岩石学，扫描电子显微镜，有机残留物，机械性能测试和使用磨损分析，将产生高质量的多方面数据，以调查陶瓷生产和消费与农业社区的日常活动，身份和分布之间的关系。这些数据将用于将北马其顿地区置于更广泛的背景下，即向新石器时代生活方式的过渡，以及不同陶器类型的技术和功能发展。

The Early Neolithic (EN) is a pivotal point in human history when mobile hunter-gather groups broadly transitioned to agriculturally based sedentary lifestyles, with aDNA and domesticate evidence indicating a relationship between, and movement of, Anatolian and European farming communities. A significant part of this was the widespread adoption and production of ceramic containers, which offer an important data source to examine development of new agricultural practices, such as dairying, the development of technical practices, and the creation of functional pottery classes related to different foodways such as cooking. Based at the University of York, TECUS will be the first interdisciplinary project utilising archaeological, experimental and lab-based methods to holistically investigate the production and use of EN pottery (6200-5500BC) from North Macedonia. This is a key area that lies within southern and northern routes of Neolithisation, connecting pioneer zones in Western Anatolia, to the Mediterranean and central Europe. However unlike neighbouring regions, EN ceramics from North Macedonia have not been subject to detailed material analyses using an integrated programme of lab-based methods, and as such, there are many open questions about the distribution and spread of technological knowledge, the raw material resources used by Neolithic potters in different landscapes, the ways in which ceramics containers were used, and the development of characteristic pottery styles in relation to current ideas of cultural identity and geographical boundaries. The unique combination of methods used in TECUS that include thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy, organic residue, mechanical properties testing and use wear analysis will produce high quality multi facetted data to investigate how ceramic production and consumption relates to the daily activities, identity, and the dispersal of agricultural communities. The data will be used to contextualise the place of North Macedonia within broader narratives about the transition to Neolithic ways of living, and the technical and functional development of different pottery types.