Catalyst aided regeneration of nonaqueous absorbent for low temperature CO2 capture

尽管可再生能源的使用取得重大进展，但化石燃料仍占全球能源的80%，导致二零二一年的二氧化碳排放量为34. 9亿吨。这个问题的一个可行的解决方案是在大型点源广泛部署CO2捕获设施，例如，燃煤电厂占全球二氧化碳排放量的30%以上。然而，经济上可负担得起的CO2捕集方法的可用性仍然是巨大的挑战，因为常规技术遭受巨大的能量需求（3.5-4.0千兆焦每吨CO2，GJ.tCO2-1）和大的设备尺寸。CATNA-CO2将通过结合和开发两种新兴技术（非水吸收剂和催化剂辅助溶剂再生）来应对这一全球挑战，以实现从典型燃烧烟气（12 v/v% CO2）中高效节能地捕获CO2。明智地选择比热容低于水的稀释剂将降低能耗，而催化剂介导的再生将优化低温下的CO2解吸，进一步降低再生能耗。CATNA-CO2将（i）开发廉价的催化剂，以实现使用非水吸收剂的低温CO2捕获过程，以及（ii）在实验室规模的装置上评估催化再生过程，重点是解吸动力学，界面面积，传质系数和再生热负荷。此外，将评估非水吸收剂和催化再生对整个CO2捕集过程的协同效益，以评估设备尺寸的减少。在低温下进行溶剂再生可以在各种工业场所安装高效的捕集设施，以实现欧盟2030年二氧化碳排放量至少减少55%的目标。

Despite substantial progress in the use of renewable energy, fossil fuel still accounts for 80% of global energy sources, which led to 34.9 gigatons of CO2 emissions in 2021. One feasible solution to this problem is the widespread deployment of CO2 capture facilities at large point sources, e.g., coal-fired power plants, which account for over 30% of global CO2 emissions. However, the availability of an economically affordable CO2 capture process is still a grand challenge as the conventional technologies suffer from huge energy requirement (3.5-4.0 Gigajoule per ton of CO2, GJ.tCO2-1) and large equipment size. CATNA-CO2 will respond to this global challenge by combining and developing two emerging technologies, nonaqueous absorbents and catalyst-aided solvent regeneration, to enable an energy-efficient CO2 capture from a typical combustion flue gas (12 v/v% CO2). A smart selection of diluent with a lower heat capacity than water will lower the energy consumption, while catalyst-mediated regeneration will optimize the CO2 desorption at a low temperature, further reducing the regeneration energy consumption. CATNA-CO2 will (i) develop inexpensive catalysts to enable a low-temperature CO2 capture process using a nonaqueous absorbent, and (ii) evaluate the catalytic regeneration process on a bench-scale unit with a focus on desorption kinetics, interfacial area, mass transfer coefficients, and regeneration heat duty. Moreover, synergistic benefits of nonaqueous absorbent and catalytic regeneration on the overall CO2 capture process will be evaluated to assess the reduction in equipment sizing. Solvent regeneration at a low temperature can enable efficient capture facilities to be installed at a wide range of industrial sites to achieve EU 2030 targets of at least 55% reduction in CO2 emissions.