BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AFTER COCAINE EXPOSURE

这是一个计划项目的提案，该项目将使用动物模型 为了调查胎儿接触可卡因的后果和 产生观察到的赤字的机制。近期临床 报告表明，吸食可卡因的妇女所生的孩子不仅表现出 作为新生儿的一些异常，但也表现出一些 几年后的行为异常。已经出现的临床症状 在这类儿童身上观察到的结果表明感觉长期受损 刺激、认知能力、情绪性和运动的加工 活动。目前对大脑功能的了解表明，大脑功能充足。 这种行为的表达需要皮质、边缘和 锥体外系结构。可卡因的药理学表明它 可能会对这些疾病的发展产生直接和间接的影响 通过作用于单胺和阿片肽的大脑区域。这个 行为异常可能是由于可测量的 这些大脑区域的结构和功能的改变将是 在五个互动项目中进行了审查，这些项目将涵盖各种发展 从怀孕中期到成年的时期。每个项目都将测试特定的 预测可卡因引起的异常发生的假说如下 通过行为，生理，解剖学，药理学， 神经化学和分子分析。将建立一个核心设施 确保一个一致的住房、养殖、管理计划 可卡因或运载工具进入怀孕的水坝，测量血浆和大脑 母体和胎儿中可卡因的含量，是否存在异常 新生儿，新生儿的交叉养育，适当时配对喂养， 对一些发育标志性疾病的神经和行为评估 不同年龄段的动物供应充足。暴露在可卡因和 从而建立了一种动物模型，可用于建立一种新的动物模型。 治疗和预防儿童的这类异常。

This is a proposal for a program project that would employ an animal model to investigate the consequences of fetal exposure to cocaine and the mechanisms by which observed deficits are produced. Recent clinical reports indicate that children born to cocaine-using women not only display a number of abnormalities as neonates but also demonstrate a number of behavioral abnormalities years later. The clinical symptoms that have been observed in such children suggest long-term disruption in the sensory processing of stimuli, cognitive abilities, emotionality and motor activity. Current knowledge of brain function suggests that the adequate. Expression of such behaviors requires the integrity of cortical, limbic and extrapyramidal structures. The pharmacology of cocaine suggests that it could have both direct and indirect effects on the development of these brain regions through actions on monoamines and opioid peptides. The possibility that the behavioral abnormalities might be due to measurable alterations in the structure and function of these brain regions will be examined in five interactive projects that will cover various developmental periods from mid-gestation to adulthood. Each project will test specific hypotheses that predict the occurrence of cocaine induced abnormalities as measured by behavioral, physiological, anatomical, pharmacological, neurochemical and molecular analyses. A core facility will be established to assure a consistent program of housing, breeding, administration of cocaine or vehicle to the pregnant dams, measurement of plasma and brain content of cocaine in dam and fetus, determination of any abnormalities in the neonate, cross fostering of neonates, paired feedings when appropriate, neurological and behavioral assessment of some developmental landmarks and adequate supply of animals at various ages. The exposure to cocaine and thus establish an animal model that be employed to develop method for the treatment and prevention of such abnormalities in children.