MICROORGANISMS THAT DEGRADE AROMATIC XENOBIOTIC POLLUTANTS

降解芳香族异生物污染物的微生物

• 批准号: 3777250
• 负责人: R H OLSEN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777250
• 关键词: DNA footprinting; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; anaerobiosis; anthracenes; benzene; bioreactors; biotransformation; carbopolycyclic compound; ecology; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; enzyme mechanism; enzyme substrate; evolution; gene expression; genetic regulation; genetic strain; genetic transcription; ground water; high performance liquid chromatography; microorganism; microorganism classification; microorganism growth; microorganism metabolism; microorganism population study; molecular biology; neoplastic transformation; nitrification; nucleic acid sequence; oxygen; oxygen microelectrode; phenanthrene; physiology; soil microbiology; soil pollution; soil sampling; toxin metabolism; water pollution; water sampling /testing

Previous work has delineated some important physical and biological features which affect biodegradation processes associated with the bioreclamation of contaminated sites. Microorganisms have been isolated from both carbon filters and contaminant plumes which exhibit diversity in species and the metabolic pathway(s) used for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) degradation. In addition, studies related to the anaerobic degradation of chloroaromatic compounds suggest potential broad substrate specificity for the mechanisms associated with reductive dechlorination. This proposal incorporates knowledge gained in the previous project period towards the formulation of specific aims to further study microbial interactions attendant to bioreclamation and extends the purview of this work to studies of PAH and chlorinated aromatic compound(s) degradation as well. The major goals of Projects 0010, 0011, 0012 and 0013 are to evaluate microbial interactions in populations which contribute to the ascendancy of populations associated with biodegradation in simulated natural environments; to explore the utility of seeding BTEX contaminated soil with populations established on GAC; and to describe mechanisms for dechlorination by subcellular components of anaerobic bacteria. Particular attention will be focused on the influence of oxygen content and the influence of alternate electron acceptors on degradative processes in anoxic environments. For some projects, recombinant DNA technology will be employed to clone elements of degradative microorganisms into heterogenetic bacteria to further elucidate mechanisms associated with the regulation of these pathways. Multivariant molecular probes derived from "benchmark" microorganisms will be used to estimate population dynamics occurring during adaptation to a biodegradation process. These probes will be further utilized to study populations in simulated aquifer environments. In addition, mechanisms for reductive dechlorination will be assessed by examining the influence of natural metal-organics on the rates and extent of degradation on chlorinated organic compounds. Information from these studies will be utilized towards the optimization of in situ bioreclamation technology.

以前的工作描绘了一些重要的物理和生物 影响与之相关的生物降解过程的特征 污染场地的生物复垦。微生物已被分离出来 来自碳过滤器和污染物羽流，这些羽流在 苯、甲苯、苯系物的代谢途径(S) 乙苯和二甲苯(BTEX)降解。此外，相关研究 对氯代芳烃的厌氧降解提出了潜在的建议 与还原有关的机制的广泛底物专一性 脱氯。这项建议结合了在 前一个项目期向制定具体目标迈进，进一步 研究伴随着生物回收的微生物相互作用并扩展 多环芳烃和氯代芳香族化合物研究综述(S) 退化也是如此。 项目0010、0011、0012和0013的主要目标是评估 种群中有助于优势的微生物相互作用 与模拟自然环境中的生物降解有关的种群 环境；探索在苯系物污染土壤上播种苯系物的效用 建立在GAC上的种群；并描述 厌氧细菌亚细胞成分的脱氯作用。特例 人们的注意力将集中在氧气含量的影响和 交替电子受体对苯系物降解过程的影响 缺氧环境。 对于一些项目，将使用重组DNA技术进行克隆 降解微生物的要素转化为异源细菌以 进一步阐明与这些基因调控相关的机制 小路。源自“基准”的多变量分子探针 微生物将被用来估计发生的种群动态 在适应生物降解过程中。这些探测器将是 进一步用于研究模拟含水层环境中的人口。 此外，将通过以下方式评估还原脱氯的机制 考察天然金属有机物对反应速度和程度的影响 对氯化有机化合物的降解。来自这些的信息 研究将用于优化就地生物复垦 技术