Pensions, health and wellbeing of older people in developing countries: insights from the WHO SAGE survey

发展中国家老年人的养老金、健康和福祉：世界卫生组织 SAGE 调查的见解

• 批准号: ES/K003526/1
• 负责人: Peter Lloyd-Sherlock
• 金额: $ 12.59万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FK003526%2F1
• 关键词: Pensions; health; wellbeing; older; people

Between 2010 and 2050, the number of people aged 60 and over is expected to increase by one and a quarter billion, reaching 22 per cent of the world's population. Of these, 81 per cent will be living in low and middle income countries (LMICs). There is an urgent need to identify policies that are effective in promoting the health, economic security and quality of life of older people in these countries. We should not assume that policies working reasonably well in high income countries will suit the circumstances of poorer ones. To date, research on older people in LMICs has been limited by a lack of reliable data. The World Health Organisation has sought to fill this gap by conducting a set of large surveys of older people's health and wellbeing in six LMICs: China, Ghana, India, Mexico, the Russian Federation and South Africa. Together, these countries already account for 36% of the world's 60+ population. This is an unprecedented data source, which promises to generate highly significant insights for policy-makers and researchers. The research team have conducted preliminary analysis of the data and this study would enable them to extend their work. We propose to focus our analysis on three key themes. (i) What effect does receiving a pension benefit have on older people's health and wellbeing? Policy for older people in LMICs is heavily focussed on providing pensions. It is assumed that, as well as ensuring their economic security, this will help them pay for health services and consequently improve their health. Yet the evidence for this is not always clear. For example, South Africa has a generous pension scheme but poor health outcomes for older people. We will conduct a systematic analysis of pensions, health and wellbeing, assessing the extent to which they are linked in the different SAGE countries. This will inform policy-makers about the relative importance of pensions and other policies, such as the upgrading of basic health services.(ii) Hypertension is a major cause of serious illness, including stroke, heart disease and dementia. Preliminary analysis of the new WHO data base has revealed large variations in the prevalence of hypertension across LMICs. There are also large variations in the extent that people are aware of these conditions and are receiving effective treatment for them. Our study will explore the reasons for these national variations in awareness and treatment, as well as for variations within countries. This will be done by more detailed analysis of the WHO data, combined with additional information obtained from documentary sources and interviews key informants in the SAGE countries. We will pay particular attention to the policy implications of these variations.(iii) How people experience later life is strongly influenced by previous life effects, but our precise knowledge of these effects is limited. WHO SAGE includes large amounts of information about older people's past lives, including their parents' education and occupational status. We will use this data to analyse life course effects and compare them across the SAGE countries. This will improve knowledge about how earlier life interventions may enhance wellbeing in old age.The research project will include a large element of dissemination and engagement with policy-makers, including meetings in each of the study countries.

2010年至2050年间，60岁及以上的人口预计将增加二分之一亿，达到世界人口的22%。其中，81% 将生活在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC)。迫切需要确定有效促进这些国家老年人健康、经济安全和生活质量的政策。我们不应该假设在高收入国家运作良好的政策也适合较贫穷国家的情况。迄今为止，对中低收入国家老年人的研究因缺乏可靠数据而受到限制。世界卫生组织试图通过对六个中低收入国家（中国、加纳、印度、墨西哥、俄罗斯联邦和南非）的老年人健康和福祉进行一系列大型调查来填补这一空白。这些国家的人口合计已占全球 60 岁以上人口的 36%。这是一个前所未有的数据源，有望为政策制定者和研究人员提供非常重要的见解。研究小组对数据进行了初步分析，这项研究将使他们能够扩展他们的工作。我们建议将分析重点放在三个关键主题上。 (i) 领取养老金福利对老年人的健康和福祉有何影响？中低收入国家老年人的政策主要集中在提供养老金上。据认为，这除了确保他们的经济安全外，还将帮助他们支付医疗服务费用，从而改善他们的健康状况。然而这方面的证据并不总是明确的。例如，南非拥有慷慨的养老金计划，但老年人的健康状况不佳。我们将对养老金、健康和福祉进行系统分析，评估它们在不同 SAGE 国家的关联程度。这将使政策制定者了解养老金和其他政策的相对重要性，例如升级基本医疗服务。(ii) 高血压是导致中风、心脏病和痴呆等严重疾病的主要原因。对世界卫生组织新数据库的初步分析显示，中低收入国家高血压患病率存在​​巨大差异。人们对这些疾病的认识程度以及接受有效治疗的程度也存在很大差异。我们的研究将探讨这些国家在认识和治疗方面以及国家内部差异的原因。这将通过对世界卫生组织的数据进行更详细的分析，结合从文献来源获得的额外信息以及对 SAGE 国家的主要知情人的采访来完成。我们将特别关注这些变化的政策影响。(iii)人们如何经历晚年生活很大程度上受到前世影响的影响，但我们对这些影响的精确了解是有限的。 WHO SAGE 包含大量有关老年人过去生活的信息，包括其父母的教育程度和职业状况。我们将使用这些数据来分析生命历程影响并在 SAGE 国家之间进行比较。这将提高人们对早期生活干预如何提高老年福祉的认识。该研究项目将包括大量的传播和与政策制定者的接触，包括在每个研究国家举行的会议。

项目成果

Hypertension among older adults in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence, awareness and control.

• DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyt215
• 发表时间: 2014-02
• 期刊: International journal of epidemiology
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Lloyd-Sherlock P;Beard J;Minicuci N;Ebrahim S;Chatterji S
• 通讯作者: Chatterji S

Fear of crime and older people in low- and middle-income countries

• DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x15000513
• 发表时间: 2016-05-01
• 期刊: AGEING & SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Lloyd-Sherlock, Peter;Agrawal, Sutapa;Minicuci, Nadia
• 通讯作者: Minicuci, Nadia

Widowhood, Socio-Economic Status, Health and Wellbeing in Low and Middle-Income Countries.

低收入和中等收入国家的丧偶、社会经济地位、健康和福祉。

• DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1066497
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: The journal of development studies
• 作者: Lloyd-Sherlock P;Corso B;Minicuci N
• 通讯作者: Minicuci N

Pensions and the health of older people in South Africa: is there an effect?

• DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936399
• 发表时间: 2014-11-02
• 期刊: The journal of development studies
• 作者: Lloyd-Sherlock P;Agrawal S
• 通讯作者: Agrawal S

Diseases of the Rich? The Social Patterning of Hypertension in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries

• DOI: 10.1057/s41287-016-0063-2
• 发表时间: 2017-08-01
• 期刊: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Lloyd-Sherlock, Peter;Minicuci, Nadia;Ebrahim, Shah
• 通讯作者: Ebrahim, Shah