NEURAL DEVELOPMENT--INTERCELLULAR AND HUMORAL CONTROL

神经发育——细胞间和体液控制

• 批准号: 3100343
• 负责人: JOHN G HILDEBRAND
• 金额: $ 55.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1995-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3100343
• 关键词: Lepidoptera; developmental neurobiology; ecdysone; hormone regulation /control mechanism; neuroendocrine system

The three participating research groups share a common interest in understanding the postembryonic development of neurons, the neural systems in which they function, and the muscles they control. Growing collaboration among these groups over the past three years and increasing mutual focus on the mechanisms that control the developmental plasticity of nerve and muscle cells have led to the emergence of this new Program Project. Among the research areas represented by these laboratories are: the roles and mechanisms of short-distance and contact-mediated intercellular influences in neural development; hormonally regulated, postembryonic differentiation and respecification of sensory and motor neurons and interneurons; ultrastructural and physiological aspects of synapse formation in developing neural systems; correlation and coordination of cellular, physiological, and neurochemical events in neurogenesis; the role of glial cells in the development of organized neuropil in the central nervous system; and developmental, physiological, anatomical, and molecular studies of olfactory, visual, mechanosensory, and motor systems. The participants propose to mount multidisciplinary, highly collaborative investigations of mechanisms underlying hormonal and trans- cellular regulation of the survival and development of nerve cells and muscles during postembryonic life. The five component projects in this program project probe for cellular and physiological mechanisms of: (1) influences of primary-sensory neurons, glial cells, and development- regulating hormones and neurotransmitters ont he development of arborizations and voltage- and ligand-gated membrane ion channels in olfactory interneurons in primary cell culture; (2) steroid-hormonal regulation of development of identified motor neurons in primary cell culture; (3) influences of steroid hormones on cellular, neurochemical, and systemic characteristics of the first-order olfactory center in the brain. All of the proposed studies are based on the use of non-vertebrate model systems that are economical, readily available, and experimentally tractable. Because they have been extensively studied by many investigators, including the participants in this program project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these experiments. Taking advantage of this background, the component projects focus on neurons and glial cells that are identifiable as individuals or as specific functional types from animal. The basic mechanisms of development have been conserved during evolution. We expect, therefore, that information obtained in these projects about neural and muscular development in insects will illuminate related phenomena in other animals including human beings.

三个参与的研究小组有一个共同的兴趣， 了解神经元的胚后发育，神经系统 以及它们控制的肌肉。 增长 过去三年来，这些团体之间的合作不断增加， 共同关注控制发育可塑性的机制， 神经和肌肉细胞导致了这个新程序的出现 项目 这些实验室所代表的研究领域包括： 近距离和接触介导的作用和机制 神经发育中的细胞间影响;神经调节， 感觉和运动的胚后分化和重新指定 神经元和中间神经元; 发育中神经系统突触的形成;相关性和 协调细胞，生理和神经化学事件， 神经发生;神经胶质细胞在有组织的发育中的作用 中枢神经系统中的神经元;以及发育，生理， 嗅觉、视觉、机械感觉和 运动系统 与会者建议建立多学科，高度 合作研究激素和反式- 神经细胞存活和发育的细胞调节， 在胚胎后期的肌肉。 这五个项目中， 细胞和生理机制的程序项目探测：（1） 初级感觉神经元、神经胶质细胞和发育的影响， 调节激素和神经递质的发展 分支和电压和配体门控膜离子通道 原代细胞培养中的嗅觉中间神经元;（2）类固醇激素 原代细胞中已鉴定运动神经元发育的调节 （3）类固醇激素对细胞、神经化学和 大脑中一级嗅觉中枢的系统特征。 所有提出的研究都是基于使用非脊椎动物模型 系统是经济的，现成的，实验 听话 因为它们已经被许多人广泛研究过， 调查人员，包括该计划项目的参与者， 用于拟议研究的昆虫制剂特别好， 为了了解并有利于这些项目，昆虫制剂将被 在拟议的研究中使用的是特别好理解和有利的 这些实验。 利用这一背景，组件 项目集中在神经元和神经胶质细胞，可识别为 个体或作为来自动物的特定功能类型。 基本 发育机制在进化过程中一直保持不变。 我们预计， 因此，在这些项目中获得的关于神经和 昆虫的肌肉发育将阐明其他动物中的相关现象。 包括人类在内的动物。