Measuring Recollection and Familiarity in Ageing and Mild Cognitive Impairment

测量衰老和轻度认知障碍的记忆力和熟悉度

• 批准号: ES/N001753/1
• 负责人: Helen Williams
• 金额: $ 21.7万
• 依托单位: Keele University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN001753%2F1
• 关键词: Measuring; Recollection; Familiarity; Ageing; Mild

What is this research about?Memory is important for many aspects of life. It helps maintain our sense of who we are, reminiscing with others helps maintain social relationships, and recalling how we did things in the past helps direct future behaviour. However, our ability to use our memories in these ways depends on how we are able to retrieve information from memory. Research agrees that there are two processes in memory: recollection - a recall-like process where when something or someone is recognised other thoughts, images, or associations come to mind about where that person or thing was previously encountered; and familiarity - when something is recognised as being familiar but no other information is retrieved. When cognitive abilities decline in ageing and dementia the primary process to be impaired is recollection, but research on how familiarity processes change in ageing has not produced consistent results. I am a psychologist with particular interest in these memory processes and in understanding how they work when cognitive ability is reduced. This research will compare recently developed measures of recollection and familiarity in different populations: younger adults, older adults, and individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The goal is to develop a sensitive measure of memory impairment for help with early diagnosis of dementia.Why is this important?The well-being of our ageing population is an important issue for the social sciences. Dementia currently costs the UK over £26 billion per year and with the increasing ageing population it is predicted that by 2025 over 1 million people in the UK will be living with dementia. While some memory loss is expected with age, the memory problems experienced in dementia can seriously impact patients' well-being, and take an emotional toll on families, couples, and caregivers. However, if dementia is diagnosed at an early stage, much can be done to help people overcome problems and improve quality of life. It is thus critical to develop a better understanding of the specific memory processes that are impaired in early stages of dementia, and use this knowledge to inform care pathways that will improve well-being. How will this research be organised?Project 1: How best to measure recollection and familiarity. This project will compare different recently developed, theoretically driven, measures of these processes in younger adults to establish which method is the most sensitive and reliable. This will enable the best methodology to be used in Projects 2 and 3.Project 2: How do recollection and familiarity processes change in normal ageing. This project will compare younger and older adults' memory using the best method(s) obtained from Project 1. This will enable the methods to be further refined so that they are suitable for use with older people. Project 3: How are recollection and familiarity impaired in Mild Cognitive Impairment. MCI is a pre-clinical phase of dementia where cognitive impairment is greater than expected for age and education level. This project will compare recollection and familiarity in healthy older people and individuals diagnosed with MCI. This will help us understand the particular patterns of memory impairment that characterise early stages of dementia and will help refine the methodology further for use in clinical settings. What impact will this research have?The main impact of this research will be increased understanding of how memory is impaired in early dementia. Results will be shared with academics and clinicians who research and deliver psychological treatments for dementia with the aim of applying for further collaborative grant funding to test and validate the results of this research in clinical settings. This research will also be used to promote social science research to the general public. The results will be presented at public engagement events and on a project website.

这项研究是关于什么的？记忆对生活的许多方面都很重要。它帮助我们保持对自己的感觉，与他人回忆有助于维持社会关系，回忆我们过去是如何做的有助于指导未来的行为。然而，我们以这些方式使用记忆的能力取决于我们如何从记忆中检索信息。研究一致认为，记忆中有两个过程：回忆--一种类似回忆的过程，当某人或某事被认出时，脑海中会浮现出之前在哪里遇到过的其他想法、图像或联想；熟悉--当某物被识别为熟悉，但没有检索到其他信息时。当认知能力在衰老和痴呆症中下降时，受损的主要过程是回忆，但关于熟悉过程在衰老过程中如何变化的研究并未产生一致的结果。我是一名心理学家，对这些记忆过程特别感兴趣，并希望了解当认知能力下降时它们是如何工作的。这项研究将比较不同人群中最近开发的回忆和熟悉程度的测量：年轻人、老年人和轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者。其目标是开发一种敏感的记忆障碍测量方法，以帮助早期诊断痴呆症。为什么这一点很重要？我们老龄化人口的福祉是社会科学的一个重要问题。目前，英国每年花费在痴呆症上的费用超过260亿GB，随着老龄化人口的增加，预计到2025年，英国将有超过100万人患有痴呆症。虽然随着年龄的增长，预计会出现一些记忆丧失，但痴呆症所经历的记忆问题会严重影响患者的福祉，并对家庭、夫妇和照顾者造成情感损失。然而，如果在早期阶段诊断出痴呆症，就可以做很多事情来帮助人们克服问题，提高生活质量。因此，关键是要更好地了解痴呆症早期受损的特定记忆过程，并利用这一知识为改善幸福感的护理途径提供信息。这项研究将如何组织？项目1：如何最好地衡量回忆和熟悉程度。该项目将在年轻人中比较最近开发的、理论上驱动的这些过程的不同测量方法，以确定哪种方法最敏感和可靠。这将使最佳方法能够用于项目2和项目3。项目2：回忆和熟悉过程如何在正常衰老过程中发生变化。这个项目将使用从项目1获得的最好的方法(S)来比较年轻人和老年人的记忆。这将使方法进一步完善，适合老年人使用。项目3：轻度认知障碍患者的记忆力和熟悉性如何受损。MCI是痴呆症的临床前阶段，认知障碍在年龄和教育水平上比预期的要大。该项目将比较健康老年人和被诊断为MCI的人的回忆和熟悉程度。这将有助于我们了解痴呆早期阶段记忆损害的特殊模式，并将有助于进一步完善方法学，以便在临床环境中使用。这项研究将产生什么影响？这项研究的主要影响将是加深对早期痴呆症患者记忆受损的理解。研究结果将与研究和提供痴呆症心理治疗的学者和临床医生分享，目的是申请进一步的合作赠款资金，以在临床环境中测试和验证这项研究的结果。这项研究还将被用来向公众推广社会科学研究。结果将在公众参与活动和项目网站上公布。

项目成果

Measuring Recollection and Familiarity in Ageing and Mild Cognitive Impairment - ESRC

测量衰老和轻度认知障碍中的记忆力和熟悉度 - ESRC

• DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2017.9.85
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Impact
• 作者: Williams H

Recognition, remember-know, and confidence judgments: no evidence of cross-contamination here!

识别、记住知道和置信度判断：这里没有交叉污染的证据！

• DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2207804
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Memory
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Williams H

Independent recollection-familiarity ratings: Similar effects of levels-of-processing whether amount or confidence is rated.

独立的回忆熟悉度评级：无论对数量还是置信度进行评级，处理水平都会产生类似的影响。

• DOI: 10.1037/cep0000161
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale
• 作者: Williams HL