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Neurobehavioral Investigation of Recollection and Familiarity in Early Childhood

幼儿期记忆和熟悉度的神经行为调查

基本信息

批准号：
8206470
负责人：
TRACY L. RIGGINS
金额：
$ 7.5万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-01-01 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8206470
关键词：
5 year old 6 year old Adolescence Adult Affect Age Amnesia Anxiety Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Brain Child Childhood Cognitive Data Development Diagnosis Disease Elderly Episodic memory Event Event-Related Potentials Failure Familiarity Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Hippocampus (Brain)Human Impairment Individual Infant Investigation Knowledge Learning Learning Disabilities Life Link Literature Longevity Measures Medial Mediating Memory Memory Disorders Memory impairment Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurons Outcome Participant Pattern Performance Population Populations at Risk Prefrontal Cortex Prevention strategy Process Reporting Research Retrieval Risk Scalp structure Schizophrenia Spatial Distribution Stimulus Structure Techniques Temporal Lobe Time Work age related base behavior measurement cognitive neuroscience design early childhood improved indexing innovation memory process memory recognition memory retrieval neural circuit neurobehavioral neurodevelopment novel novelty processing postnatal prenatal programs public health relevance relating to nervous system response success theories therapy development tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Memory is a cornerstone ability upon which we build knowledge of ourselves and the world around us. Failures in memory, no matter how small, can significantly impact life success and mental health (including anxiety and depression). In adults, recognition memory is subserved by two processes, recollection and familiarity, which rely on partially distinct brain circuitry in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Familiarity is the process that allows for the global assessment of memory strength. Recollection is the process that allows for the retrieval of distinct features associated with the context of the event. Recollection preferentially involves the hippocampus, a MTL structure characterized by its protracted developmental course. Neuroanatomical data illustrates that structural development of the hippocampus continues at least through the 5th year postnatally, which has been theoretically linked to functional changes observed in behavioral memory performance (e.g., improvements in autobiographical memory and episodic memory that occur during early childhood). However, this link has not yet been examined empirically. Thus, despite all we know about memory processes and associated neural circuitry in adults, the systematic study of its functional maturation early in life is notably absent. What remains relatively unexplored are age-related changes in the basic processes that underlie memory improvement in early childhood. This poses not only a gap in scientific understanding but also a barrier to development of intervention techniques that would facilitate or improve memory, particularly in those at-risk for impairment. Our goal is to elucidate mechanisms of change in memory development by systematically investigating changes in memory behavior and neural activity. Towards this end, the proposed research seeks to indentify windows during which memory processes develop that are informed by neurodevelopment. Specifically, we will examine familiarity and recollection processes during a memory retrieval task using a unique combination of electrophysiological and behavioral measures in early childhood. We hypothesize that electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of recollection (which rely on the hippocampus) will show substantial developmental change from 3 to 5 years of age, compared to changes in familiarity processes. Systematic study of memory development in humans has important implications for understanding memory in general and will ultimately further our understanding of disorders of memory (e.g., developmental amnesia), populations where memory is affected (e.g., individuals with depression), and disorders in which abnormalities of memory circuitry have been reported (e.g., depression, autism, and schizophrenia). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Memory impairment has been linked to learning disabilities in childhood and mental health disorders such as depression and schizophrenia in adolescence and adulthood. Our research aims to characterize the functional development of memory circuitry in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) by using event-related potentials to identify hippocampally-mediated recollective processes in early childhood and examine their development during a window of significant structural brain development. Knowledge gained from the outcomes of the proposed research will allow for the development of targeted prevention strategies for populations at-risk for memory impairment and those diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders known to affect MTL circuitry.

描述(申请人提供)：记忆是一种基石能力，我们在此基础上建立对我们自己和周围世界的知识。记忆力的衰退，无论多么微小，都会对人生成功和心理健康(包括焦虑和抑郁)产生重大影响。在成年人中，再认记忆由两个过程辅助，回忆和熟悉，这两个过程依赖于内侧颞叶(MTL)和前额叶(PFC)部分不同的大脑回路。熟悉度是允许对记忆强度进行全球评估的过程。回忆是允许检索与事件背景相关联的不同特征的过程。记忆优先涉及海马体，海马体是一种MTL结构，以其漫长的发育过程为特征。神经解剖学数据表明，海马体的结构发育至少持续到出生后第5年，理论上这与观察到的行为记忆表现的功能变化(例如，发生在儿童早期的自传体记忆和情景记忆的改善)有关。然而，这种联系还没有得到实证检验。因此，尽管我们知道成年人的记忆过程和相关的神经回路，但明显缺乏对其早期功能成熟的系统研究。相对未被探索的是与年龄有关的基本过程的变化，这些过程是儿童早期记忆改善的基础。这不仅造成了科学理解上的差距，也阻碍了促进或改善记忆的干预技术的发展，特别是在那些有损伤风险的人身上。我们的目标是通过系统地研究记忆行为和神经活动的变化来阐明记忆发育的变化机制。为此，这项拟议的研究试图确定记忆过程发展的窗口，在此期间，记忆过程由神经发育提供信息。具体地说，我们将使用儿童早期的电生理和行为测量的独特组合来检查记忆提取任务中的熟悉和回忆过程。我们假设，与熟悉过程的变化相比，电生理和行为记忆的相关性(依赖于海马体)从3岁到5岁将显示出实质性的发展变化。对人类记忆发展的系统研究对理解记忆具有重要意义，并最终将促进我们对记忆障碍(如发育性健忘症)、记忆受到影响的人群(如抑郁症患者)以及已报告的记忆回路异常的障碍(如抑郁症、自闭症和精神分裂症)的理解。公共卫生相关性：记忆障碍与儿童时期的学习障碍以及青春期和成年期的抑郁症和精神分裂症等精神健康障碍有关。我们的研究旨在通过使用事件相关电位来识别儿童早期海马区介导的记忆过程，并研究其在重要的结构大脑发育窗口中的发育，从而表征内侧颞叶(MTL)记忆电路的功能发育。从拟议研究的结果中获得的知识将有助于为记忆受损的高危人群和被诊断为影响MTL回路的神经发育障碍的人群制定有针对性的预防策略。