BRAZIL-UK Healthy Urban Mobility (HUM)

巴西-英国健康城市交通 (HUM)

• 批准号: ES/N01314X/1
• 负责人: Tim Jones
• 金额: $ 42.84万
• 依托单位: Oxford Brookes University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN01314X%2F1
• 关键词: BRAZIL; UK; Healthy; Urban; Mobility

Since the initiation of World Health Organization (WHO) Healthy Cities movement over thirty years ago there have been increased efforts to understand how the urban environment affects health outcomes and can produce more equitable health benefits. A key concern is the way in which the physical fabric of cities affects urban mobility and how this relates to health and wellbeing. Built environmental design supportive of walking and cycling ('active mobility') could help to promote moderate physical activity as part of daily travel routines delay biological ageing and age-related conditions and improve overall health and wellbeing. In the Global South, however, the rapid growth in private motorization and the lack of value placed on walking and cycling means the association between environmental attributes and active mobility are more complex. This is having a significant impact on the urban poor and low-income groups who already engage in, and rely on, walking and cycling (and public transport) to meet their daily travel needs. The trend in the Global North, meanwhile, particularly in countries like the UK, is towards a decrease in physical activity and this is associated with more widespread private car use, obesogenic environments and greater mechanisation in the home, workplace and public places. The implementation of healthy urban mobility as part of the broader Healthy Cities concept, therefore, presents serious challenges in both the Global South and Global North and requires different approaches towards its realisation. The focus of the BRAZIL-UK Healthy Urban Mobility (HUM) research is on understanding the impact of personal (im)mobility on both individual and community health and wellbeing of different neighbourhoods in Brazil and in the UK, and developing a participatory approach to support and develop healthy urban mobility and to address health inequalities and injustice. The investigation will use a mixed method approach comprising five specific field research components (a) spatial mapping to understand the physical and built environment context in which mobility takes place (b) a social survey to capture mobility and health and wellbeing profiles of selected communities (c) in-depth biographic interviews to understand role of past experiences of mobility and the rationale behind selected modes of mobility - 'mobile trajectories' (d) micro-ethnographies through mobile interviews to capture contemporary everyday experience of being (im)mobile and (e) a participatory approach to involve the local community in identifying problems and solutions for healthy urban mobility and community wellbeing. The work will focus in three Brazilian cities and one UK city: Brazilia (Federal State), Florianopolis (State of Santa Catarina), Porto Alegre (State of Rio Grande do Sul) and Oxford (Southern England). These are chosen because of their different spatial and demographic characteristics and the challenges they are facing in relation to promoting healthy urban mobility. Empirical research will be timed such that it will be conducted in parallel in both Brazil and the UK using exactly the same approach and methods so that the UK-BRAZIL multidisciplinary team can engage in co-learning and knowledge exchange and more specifically (a) evaluate the overall approach and methodologies; (b) compare datasets between cities and between Brazil and UK; and, (c) evaluate potential policies and delivery models to promote healthy urban mobility in different contexts. Through the combination of novel research methods to experiment and assess and actively involve communities and stakeholders in active dialogue and mutual learning we hope to develop new approaches to mobility planning that seek to address health inequalities within urban areas.

自30多年前世界卫生组织（世卫组织）发起健康城市运动以来，人们加大了努力，以了解城市环境如何影响健康结果，以及如何产生更公平的健康惠益。一个关键的问题是城市的物质结构如何影响城市流动性，以及这与健康和福祉的关系。支持步行和骑自行车的建筑环境设计（“主动移动”）可以帮助促进适度的身体活动，作为日常旅行的一部分，延缓生物衰老和与年龄有关的疾病，并改善整体健康和福祉。然而，在全球南部，私人机动化的快速增长以及对步行和骑自行车缺乏重视意味着环境属性与主动流动性之间的关联更加复杂。这对城市穷人和低收入群体产生了重大影响，他们已经从事并依赖步行和骑自行车（以及公共交通）来满足日常出行需求。与此同时，全球北方的趋势，特别是在英国等国家，是减少身体活动，这与更广泛的私家车使用，肥胖环境以及家庭，工作场所和公共场所的机械化程度更高有关。因此，作为更广泛的健康城市概念的一部分，健康城市交通的实施在全球南方和全球北方都面临着严峻的挑战，需要采取不同的方法来实现。巴西-英国健康城市流动性（HUM）研究的重点是了解个人（IM）流动性对巴西和英国不同社区的个人和社区健康和福祉的影响，并制定参与性方法来支持和发展健康的城市流动性，并解决健康不平等和不公正问题。调查将采用混合方法，包括五个具体的实地研究组成部分：（a）空间测绘，以了解流动发生的物理和建筑环境背景（B）社会调查，以了解选定社区的流动性和健康和福祉概况（c）深入的传记访谈，以了解过去流动经验的作用和选定流动模式背后的理由-“移动的轨迹”（d）通过移动的访谈进行微观民族志，以捕捉当代移动的日常生活经验;（e）采取参与性办法，让当地社区参与确定健康的城市流动和社区福祉的问题和解决办法。这项工作将集中在三个巴西城市和一个英国城市：巴西（联邦州）、弗洛里亚诺波利斯（卡塔里纳州）、阿莱格雷波尔图（南里奥格兰德州）和牛津（英格兰南部）。之所以选择这些城市，是因为它们具有不同的空间和人口特征，以及它们在促进健康的城市流动方面面临的挑战。经验研究的时间安排应确保在巴西和英国采用完全相同的方式和方法并行进行，以便英国-巴西多学科团队能够参与共同学习和知识交流，更具体地说，（a）评估总体方式和方法;（B）比较城市之间以及巴西和英国之间的数据集;以及（c）评估在不同情况下促进健康城市流动性的潜在政策和交付模式。通过结合新的研究方法进行实验和评估，并积极参与社区和利益相关者的积极对话和相互学习，我们希望开发新的方法来解决城市地区的健康不平等问题。

项目成果

Summary of key findings and community priorities: Barton

主要发现和社区优先事项摘要：巴顿

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Spencer, B.

Psychological determinants of walking in a Brazilian sample: An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

• DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2020.07.002
• 发表时间: 2020-08-01
• 期刊: TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Luiza Neto, Ingrid;Matsunaga, Lucas Heiki;D'Orsi, Eleonora
• 通讯作者: D'Orsi, Eleonora

Mobilidade urbana saudável no cruzamento das avenidas identitárias: experiências móveis de mulheres pretas

Mobilidade Urbana saudàvel no cruzamento das avenidas identitárias: experience móveis de mulheres pretas

• DOI: 10.4000/pontourbe.12375
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ponto Urbe
• 作者: Silveira L

Summary of key findings and community priorities: Rose Hill

主要发现和社区优先事项摘要：玫瑰山

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Spencer, B.

Summary of key findings and recommendations

主要调查结果和建议摘要

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Jones, T.