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Changing Socio-Spatial Inequalities: Population change and the lived experience of inequality in urban South Africa

不断变化的社会空间不平等：人口变化和南非城市不平等的生活经历

基本信息

批准号：
ES/N014022/1
负责人：
Christopher Lloyd
金额：
$ 53.82万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN014022%2F1
关键词：
Changing Socio Spatial Inequalities Population

项目摘要

This project will provide an innovative analysis of how people's lived experiences of socio-economic inequality are shaped by the complex dynamics of urban change in South Africa and how such experiences in turn shape the country's urban social fabric. The proposed collaboration between the University of Liverpool (UoL), Southern African Social Policy Research Insights (SASPRI) and the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) comprises an inter-disciplinary team (Geography, Demography, Social Policy and Urban Planning) with complementary areas of expertise in relation to socioeconomic inequality and urban population change. The project relates to all four themes of the call but most strongly to the theme of diversity, migration and practice. South Africa continues to be a deeply unequal society with markedly different standards of living across population groups (or race) and spatially. The current evidence base concerning inequality in South Africa is relatively small, and says little about the changing geographies of inequalities, the associated impacts which are felt on the ground as individuals' 'lived experience' of inequality, and consequences for the urban social fabric of the country. In this project quantitative and qualitative methods are combined to examine the interplay between urban spatial transformation and social attitudes towards inequality, attachment to place, and social inclusion. The three-year research programme has four parts: (i) Mapping the changing geographies of inequality across South Africa. Satellite imagery and the 1996, 2001 and 2011 Censuses will be analysed to generate population profiles across South Africa at small area level over time. Measures of spatial evenness and clustering will be generated to characterise the spatial context of areas.Areas where inequalities (variously defined) have increased will be identified using demographic, social, economic and ethnic/racial characteristics of areas. An area typology will be developed which will inform the identification of areas for the qualitative research in Part 2. (ii) Focus groups will be undertaken to explore the factors and processes that shape people's experiences of inequality, and whether people's experiences of inequality affect their attachment to place and sense of social inclusion. Most groups will be undertaken within Cape Town, with a small number in the Eastern Cape Province due to its long-standing internal migration ties to Cape Town. This qualitative work will also feed back into the construction of new and improved quantitative spatial measures of the lived experience of inequality (Part 1).(iii) Surveying people's experiences of inequality and their attitudes to inequality. A new module of inequality-related questions will be designed for inclusion in the 2017 round of the nationally representative South African Social Attitudes Survey (SASAS).Analysis of data collected through SASAS will provide an additional means of assessing the lived experience of inequalities and provide important dependent variables for Part 4.(iv) Testing whether people's attitudes to inequality are associated with their experiences of inequality using new/refined dependent and independent variables in multilevel regression models. The quantitative spatial measures developed in Part 1 will be linked to the SASAS 2017 data to develop a more nuanced analytical appreciation of how inequality impacts on residents' lives and their attitudes about inequality and redress.The results of this project will offer important new insights which will support national and local government when developing evidence-based policies to tackle inequality. It will enable policies in the areas of housing, urban planning and poverty alleviation to be informed by analysis of the lived experience of inequality, derived from an inter-play of highly context-specific qualitative enquiry and cutting-edge quantitative techniques.

该项目将对南非城市变化的复杂动态如何塑造人们在社会经济不平等方面的生活经历以及这些经历如何反过来塑造该国的城市社会结构进行创新性分析。拟议的利物浦大学（UoL），南部非洲社会政策研究洞察（SASPRI）和人文科学研究理事会（HSRC）之间的合作包括一个跨学科团队（地理，人口，社会政策和城市规划），具有与社会经济不平等和城市人口变化相关的互补专业领域。该项目涉及呼吁的所有四个主题，但最主要的主题是多样性、移徙和实践。南非仍然是一个严重不平等的社会，不同人口群体（或种族）和空间的生活水平明显不同。目前关于南非不平等现象的证据基础相对较小，很少涉及不平等现象的地域变化、个人"生活经历“不平等现象在当地感受到的相关影响以及对该国城市社会结构的影响。在这个项目中，定量和定性相结合的方法来研究城市空间转型和社会态度之间的相互作用，不平等，依恋的地方，和社会包容。这项为期三年的研究方案有四个部分：㈠绘制南非各地不断变化的不平等地理分布图。将对卫星图像和1996年、2001年和2011年的人口普查进行分析，以生成整个南非小区域一级的人口分布图。将制定空间均衡和集群的衡量标准，以确定各地区的空间背景，将利用各地区的人口、社会、经济和族裔/种族特征，查明不平等现象（定义不同）增加的地区。将制定一个区域类型学，为第2部分定性研究的区域确定提供信息。(ii)将进行重点小组讨论，以探讨影响人们不平等经历的因素和过程，以及人们的不平等经历是否影响他们对地方的依恋和社会包容感。大多数小组将在开普敦内进行，少数小组将在东开普省省进行，因为该省与开普敦有着长期的内部移民联系。这一定性工作也将反馈到构建新的和改进的定量空间措施的生活经验的不平等（第一部分）。(iii)调查人们对不平等的经历及其对不平等的态度。将设计一个新的与不平等有关的问题模块，以纳入2017年一轮具有全国代表性的南非社会态度调查，对通过南非社会态度调查收集的数据进行分析，将为评估不平等的实际经历提供一种额外的手段，并为第四部分提供重要的因变量。(iv)测试人们对不平等的态度是否与他们的经验不平等使用新的/完善的因变量和自变量在多层次回归模型。第一部分中开发的定量空间测量将与SASAS 2017数据相关联，以更细致地分析不平等如何影响居民的生活以及他们对不平等和补救的态度。该项目的结果将提供重要的新见解，支持国家和地方政府制定基于证据的政策来解决不平等问题。它将使住房、城市规划和减贫领域的政策能够通过分析生活中的不平等经历而得到信息，这种分析来自高度针对具体情况的定性调查和尖端定量技术的相互作用。