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Gender Violence Across War and Peace

战争与和平时期的性别暴力

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P007074/1
负责人：
Christine Chinkin
金额：
$ 18.22万
依托单位：
London School of Economics and Political Science
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP007074%2F1
关键词：
Gender Violence Across War Peace

项目摘要

The proposed network will investigate the diverse forms of gender violence that exist across war and peace.Gender violence (defined as violence committed against individuals or groups on the basis of ascribed gender) is a major issue in global politics. The aim of ending violence against women and girls is a centre-piece of women's human rights activism, a primary element of the international community's Sustainable Development Goals, a foundational pillar of the Women, Peace and Security agenda mandated by the United Nations Security Council, a major target for the UK Department for International Development, and the focus of the UK's recent Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative. Because of these policy agendas, there is a major need for research on the complexities of gender violence. This network focuses in on one distinctive conceptual approach to this complexity: the continuum of violence framework. In broad terms, the "continuum of violence" stresses the continuities between war and peace, and amongst the varying categories of violence, to emphasise that the best available explanations attend to long-standing inequalities of power characterising society at large, rather than exceptional moments of large-scale violence and crisis. In other words, it suggests that we best understand violence by looking at its everyday and structural character.To better frame research on these issues, the Network focuses on four country situations where the continuum of violence framework is relevant to UK overseas development policy: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq, Lebanon and Sri Lanka.In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the failure of institutions to properly address post-conflict sexual violence continues to be a major issue, and Network participants will share their research on why gender violence has been neglected even in such a high profile case of post-conflict reconstruction and transitional justice. Gender violence is a significant feature of the extreme situation of conflict in Iraq, both in terms of displacement and in the targeting of groups on the basis of ethnicity or the ascribed sexual orientation, but with roots preceding and adjacent to the current crisis. With colleagues in Iraqi Kurdistan the proposed Network will advance understanding of what drives this violence. Mass inflows have led to major economic and social strain in Lebanon and are themselves reflective of multiple sites for gender violence affecting female but also male refugees - in the conflicts they fled, in transit, in refugee camps, and in exploitation through transaction sex. Sri Lankan society is struggling with transitional justice after decades of civil war, with high levels of sexual violence reported during and after the formal end of hostilities. Tens of thousands of IDPs remain in the country's north, with continuing issues of ethnic division and lack of justice liable to impede sustainable peace and economic development.The Network will advance understanding of the continuum of violence by: 1) bringing together researchers, practitioners and activists; 2) assembling a comparative picture of the multiple and related forms of gender violence as they exist across war and peace, leading to a more sophisticated understanding of variation and appropriate responses; 3) produce research summaries, short videos, blogs and policy briefings that reflect ongoing challenges across the country situations; and 4) facilitate collaboration for substantive future research projects in order to translate insights from the strategic network into a lasting knowledge base that may inform academic, policy, practitioner and activist attempts to mitigate gendered violence in all of its forms. The Network will achieve its aims through a series of meetings in London and in the four countries themselves, and make use of these meetings and published outputs to engage the policy community and prepare the ground for further primary research on gender violence.

拟议的网络将调查战争与和平时期存在的各种形式的性别暴力，性别暴力（定义为基于所认定的性别对个人或群体实施的暴力）是全球政治中的一个重大问题。终止暴力侵害妇女和女孩行为的目标是妇女人权活动的核心，是国际社会可持续发展目标的主要内容，是联合国安全理事会授权的妇女、和平与安全议程的基本支柱，是联合王国国际发展部的主要目标，也是联合王国最近的防止性暴力倡议的重点。由于这些政策议程，非常需要对性别暴力的复杂性进行研究。该网络侧重于对这种复杂性的一种独特的概念方法：暴力连续体框架。从广义上讲，“暴力的连续性”强调战争与和平之间的连续性，以及不同类别的暴力之间的连续性，强调现有的最佳解释涉及整个社会长期存在的权力不平等，而不是大规模暴力和危机的特殊时刻。换句话说，它表明，我们最好通过观察暴力的日常和结构性特征来了解暴力，为了更好地研究这些问题，该网络侧重于暴力持续框架与联合王国海外发展政策相关的四个国家的情况：波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、伊拉克、黎巴嫩和斯里兰卡。各机构未能妥善处理冲突后性暴力问题仍然是一个主要问题，和网络参与者将分享他们的研究，为什么性别暴力一直被忽视，即使在这样一个高调的案件后，冲突重建和过渡时期司法。性别暴力是伊拉克极端冲突局势的一个重要特征，无论是在流离失所方面，还是在基于族裔或所认定的性取向而针对某些群体方面，都是如此，但其根源在当前危机之前和附近。与伊拉克库尔德斯坦的同事一起，拟议的网络将促进对这种暴力驱动因素的理解。大规模的难民流入给黎巴嫩造成了严重的经济和社会压力，这本身就反映了影响女性和男性难民的性别暴力的多个地点----在他们逃离的冲突中、在过境中、在难民营中以及在通过性交易进行的剥削中。斯里兰卡社会在经历了数十年的内战后，正在努力实现过渡时期的正义，据报道，在敌对行动正式结束期间和之后，性暴力的发生率很高。数以万计的国内流离失所者仍滞留在该国北部，持续存在的种族分裂和缺乏正义问题可能阻碍可持续和平与经济发展，该网络将通过以下方式促进对暴力持续不断的理解：1）将研究人员、从业人员和活动家聚集在一起; 2）对战争与和平时期存在的多种相关形式的性别暴力进行比较，3）制作研究摘要、短视频、博客和政策简报，反映各国当前面临的挑战; 4）促进未来实质性研究项目的合作，以便将战略网络的见解转化为持久的知识基础，为学术，政策，从业者和活动家试图减轻各种形式的性别暴力。该网络将通过在伦敦和这四个国家本身举行一系列会议来实现其目标，并利用这些会议和公布的产出，使政策界参与进来，为进一步对性别暴力进行初步研究奠定基础。