Security on the Move: Everyday security of IDPs in rapidly growing Somali Cities

这一研究项目从最脆弱的城市外来移民、境内流离失所者的角度探讨索马里贫困、环境可持续性和冲突之间的关系。暴力冲突和干旱之间的相互作用被描述为索马里境内流离失所的主要驱动因素之一，但快速迁入城市进一步增加了城乡环境的压力。研究的重点是境内流离失所者应对暴力和流离失所的影响以及减轻脆弱性的能力。这项研究是在索马里南部的四个城市(摩加迪沙、拜多阿)、邦特兰(博萨索)和索马里兰(哈尔格萨)进行的，这些城市在移民和暴力方面有着截然不同的历史。虽然哈尔格萨和摩加迪沙的境内流离失所者已经开始受到国际组织的关注，但人们对生活在博萨索或拜多阿等二级或较小城市的境内流离失所者知之甚少。该项目将进行访谈，并比较国内流离失所者在迁徙过程中和在进城时对安全的看法和做法。对境内流离失所者和城市的关注将该项目与正在形成的全球城市议程联系起来，并需要为城市的可持续性、民主治理和城市生计制定新的办法。通过选择从国内流离失所者的观点和经历来研究这一问题，最脆弱的人被置于知识生产的核心。这决定了研究方法的选择，除了叙述性采访外，还包括照片-声音方法。照片声音是一种极具创新性的研究工具，它给那些通常听不到或没有声音的人“发声”。它不仅依靠语言能力，而且使用图像来传达人们对索马里城市的安全和不安全的看法。选定的境内流离失所者将收到摄像机并制作照片，说明(在)安全和(在)安全的地方和体验

This research project addresses the nexus of poverty, environmental sustainability and conflict in Somalia from the perspective of the most vulnerable in-migrants to cities, people who were internally displaced (IDPs). The interplay between violent conflict and droughts is described as one of the main drivers of internal displacement in Somalia, but rapid in-migration to cities further increases pressures on the urban and rural environment. The research focus is on the capacities of IDPs to cope with the effects of violence and displacement and to mitigate vulnerability. The study is conducted in four cities in Southern Somalia (Mogadishu, Baidoa), Puntland (Bosasso) and Somaliland (Hargeisa), which have quite different histories pertaining to in-migration and violence. While IDPs in Hargeysa and Mogadishu have started to gain attention from international organisations, very little is known about IDPs living in secondary or smaller cities such as Bosasso or Baidoa. This project will conduct interviews and compare IDPs perceptions and practices of security on the move and when settling into the city. The concern with IDPs and cities links the project to the emerging global urban agenda and the need to develop new approaches to urban sustainability, democratic governance and livelihood in cities. With the choice to study this from the viewpoints and experiences of IDPs, people who are most vulnerable are placed at the core of the knowledge production. This informs the choice of research methods, which, in addition to narrative interviews, also includes a photo-voice methodology. Photo-voice is a highly innovative research tool that gives 'voice' to people who are usually not heard or silenced. It does not merely rely on verbal capacities, but uses images to communicate peoples' perceptions of securities and insecurities in Somali cities. Selected IDPs will receive cameras and produce photographs illustrating (in-)security and (in-)secure places and experiences