MECHANICAL, THERMAL, AND OPTICAL SIGNS OF EXCITATION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

自1989年10月以来，我们主要集中调查 “弥漫性抑郁”现象的物理化学本质 脊椎动物的中枢神经系统。首席调查员的 在他的德国之行中，人们对这一现象的兴趣大大增强 (9月28日至10月1日)出席一个研讨会，该研讨会的性质是 对这一现象进行了广泛的讨论。我们用蟾蜍的视网膜来测试 不管是不是，都有可能记录下这种现象的热迹象。这也很好 已知，视网膜局部电位的变化与 这种现象持续了大约一分钟，并沿着 视网膜表面的速度为1-2 mm/min。因为速度太慢了， 现象，我们必须克服一些困难，以建立一个 一种可记录视网膜伴随热变化的热传感器 蔓延的忧郁症。在成功建造了几种类型的 为了达到这个目的，我们发现弥漫性抑郁是 伴随着较大的热量产生，大约15 最高时每分钟可摄入毫卡路里。这是正热的初始阶段 生产之后，伴随着一段极不稳定的负热。 制作。我们现在正试图制定一个全面的解释 现象，包括对现象的全有或全不诱导 电和光刺激，存在长达5-15分钟) 不应期和碰撞现象的湮灭。 骨骼运动终板产热的实验研究 与脉冲传递相关的肌肉仍然不完整。我们是 计划在短期内恢复对蟾蜍肌肉的温度测量。

Since October of 1989, we have concentrated primarily on investigation into the physicochemical nature of the phenomenon of "spreading depression" in the vertebrate central nervous system. The principal investigator's interest on this phenomenon was greatly enhanced during his trip to Germany (September 28 - October 1) to attend a symposium where the nature of this phenomenon was discussed extensively. We used toad retinas to test whether or not it is possible to record thermal signs of the phenomenon. As is well known, the local change in the electric potential of the retina associated with the phenomenon lasts for about one minute and spreads along the retinal surface at a speed of 1-2/mm/min. Because of the slowness of the phenomenon, we had to overcome a number of difficulties in constructing a heat sensor capable of recording thermal changes accompanied by the retinal spreading depression. After successful construction of several types of thermal detectors for this purpose, we found that spreading depression is accompanied by a relatively large production of heat, about 15 millicalories per minute at the peak. This initial phase of positive heat production was followed by a long phase of extremely variable negative heat production. We are now attempting to formulate a comprehensive explanation of the phenomenon, including all-or-none elicitation of the phenomenon by electric and optical stimuli, the existence of a long 5-15 minute) refractory period and annihilation of the phenomenon by collision. Our investigation of heat production by the motor endplates of the skeletal muscle associated with impulse transmission is still incomplete. We are planning to resume heat measurements on toad muscles shortly.