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Real Estate Adaptation and Innovation within an Integrated Retailing System

综合零售系统中的房地产适应和创新

基本信息

批准号：
ES/R005117/1
负责人：
Allison Orr
金额：
$ 65.54万
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FR005117%2F1
关键词：
Real Estate Adaptation Innovation within

项目摘要

The retail sector is crucial to the economic health and vitality of towns and cities and is a core component of the national economy, but is experiencing an ongoing period of change and the challenges faced by centres are being met in different ways, with different outcomes. Consumers are behaving, shopping and using urban centres in new and diverse ways and many retailing centres have experienced falling footfall, retailer closures and a rise in empty retail units. In an attempt to reverse the cycle of decline, centres need to be multi-functional places and policy-makers are encouraging more mixed use development. Large-scale mixed-use re-development of obsolete stock, novel temporary land uses, events and public realm works are being used to try to make urban centres more attractive and increase their competitive edge. Yet, not everyone is experiencing the benefits of these changes. Mistrust, tension and conflict can arise from land use changes and become barriers to further renewal and change, limiting the effectiveness of these "town centre first" policies. A recent ESRC-funded study undertaken by researchers at Manchester Metropolitan University blamed these tensions and lack of co-operation as significant contributors to the continued declined of retailing in many centres (Parker, 2015).This project seeks to explore one of the largest stakeholder groups within the sector. The objectives and behaviour of land and property owners, developers and investors are significant to the use and form of retailing centres. The project explores how ownership and the behaviour of this stakeholder group impact on the sector, by exploring issues around changing ownership and use patterns; innovations in design form; the ability of the industry to respond to change; and the ways the group engages and interacts with other stakeholders in urban centres. Thus, it aims to examine how their expectations, perceptions, practices and co-operation help or limit experimentation with new uses, building types and designs.The research will explore issues around: whether retailers and landlords in city centres are becoming more or less diverse; whether new design formats, flexible uses and large scale redevelopments can help struggling centres; the extent to which established practices and procedures in the real estate market encourage or even hinder new uses; and whether stakeholders can work together in better ways for the future health of town and city centres. These issues will be examined using five case study cities over the period 1997-2017: Glasgow, Edinburgh, Liverpool, Sheffield and Nottingham.The project will bring together different data that has not been available previously, to map, measure and identify any links between changes in land and building use, vacancy and ownership over the last 20 years. It will analyse and identify new developments and novel land and building uses and designs and, by talking to developers, designers, planners and occupiers, the researchers will identify the factors shaping these changes and how they impact on cities and shoppers. The project will examine established real estate market practices, such as lease lengths, rent review terms, repair obligations and use clauses to see how adaptable the industry is to change when shoppers and retailers want new and unusual property uses and forms. Finally, the researchers will talk to different centre users, managers and owners to explore how relationships might work well or badly and identify good practice for the creation of new developments and adaptions to the existing building stock to help the retail sector in cities.

零售业对城镇的经济健康和活力至关重要，是国民经济的核心组成部分，但零售业正在经历一个持续的变革时期，各中心面临的挑战正在以不同的方式得到解决，并产生不同的结果。消费者的行为、购物和使用城市中心的方式都在以新的和多样化的方式进行，许多零售中心都经历了客流量下降、零售商关闭和空置零售单位增加的情况。为了扭转衰退的循环，中心需要成为多功能场所，政策制定者正在鼓励更多的混合用途开发。大规模的混合用途的旧库存的再开发，新的临时土地用途，活动和公共领域的工程正在被用来试图使城市中心更具吸引力，增加其竞争优势。然而，并不是每个人都能从这些变化中获益。土地使用的改变可能引起不信任、紧张和冲突，并成为进一步更新和改变的障碍，限制了这些“城镇中心优先”政策的有效性。最近由曼彻斯特城市大学的研究人员进行的一项esrc资助的研究将这些紧张局势和缺乏合作归咎于许多中心零售业持续下滑的重要原因（Parker, 2015）。该项目旨在探索该行业最大的利益相关者群体之一。土地和财产所有者、开发商和投资者的目标和行为对零售中心的使用和形式至关重要。该项目通过探索围绕改变所有权和使用模式的问题，探索这一利益相关者群体的所有权和行为如何影响该部门；设计形式的创新；行业应对变化的能力；以及该组织与城市中心其他利益相关者互动的方式。因此，它旨在研究他们的期望、观念、实践和合作如何帮助或限制新用途、建筑类型和设计的实验。这项研究将探讨以下问题：城市中心的零售商和房东是越来越多样化了还是越来越少了；新的设计形式、灵活的用途和大规模的重建能否帮助陷入困境的中心；房地产市场的既定做法和程序在多大程度上鼓励甚至阻碍新用途；以及利益相关者能否以更好的方式共同努力，促进城镇和城市中心的未来健康。这些问题将通过1997年至2017年期间的五个案例研究城市进行研究：格拉斯哥、爱丁堡、利物浦、谢菲尔德和诺丁汉。该项目将汇集以前无法获得的不同数据，以绘制、测量和确定过去20年来土地和建筑使用、空置和所有权变化之间的任何联系。它将分析和确定新的发展和新的土地和建筑用途和设计，并通过与开发商，设计师，规划者和居住者交谈，研究人员将确定形成这些变化的因素以及它们如何影响城市和购物者。该项目将审查现有的房地产市场惯例，如租赁期限、租金审查条款、维修义务和使用条款，以了解当购物者和零售商需要新的和不寻常的房地产用途和形式时，该行业的适应性如何变化。最后，研究人员将与不同的中心用户、管理人员和所有者进行交谈，以探索这种关系如何运作良好或糟糕，并确定创建新开发项目和适应现有建筑存量的良好实践，以帮助城市中的零售业。