Identification of factors affecting successful outcomes in the DDU-GKY Indian skills programme for unemployed young people

确定影响 DDU-GKY 印度失业年轻人技能计划成功结果的因素

• 批准号: ES/S004904/1
• 负责人: Clare Lyonette
• 金额: $ 42.59万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS004904%2F1
• 关键词: Identification; factors; affecting; successful; outcomes

Youth unemployment and underemployment is a pressing economic and political concern in several developing countries. In the Indian context, this is a particular concern because of the potential that India will not realise its demographic dividend (that is, the benefit of having a large population of working-age people within the total population) if a re-balancing of the economy and skills system is not undertaken to address skills gaps. The most recent Indian Labour Market conference (held in 2015) concluded that a significant number of young people were trapped in involuntary part-time, casual, temporary or seasonal work and lacked access to the kind of personal and professional development activities that could see them move into better and less precarious employment. Since 2003, there has been an increase in training provision by unregulated private sector providers which has contributed to a surplus in some skills and shortages in others, and this is now a critical policy issue. As a result, the Government of India (GoI) is taking a more interventionist role in shaping skills training provision and developing public-private partnerships with training providers and employers. The GoI has launched a number of skills training programmes for rural youths from poor families. Since 2012, it has spent around USD 868 million on such schemes. However, there is limited evidence on who participates in these programmes and their impact on development of personal and social capabilities. Consequently, it is difficult to assess their ability to link job creation to poverty alleviation and the development of a more inclusive society. Motivated by the lack of evidence and the importance given to such schemes in India's growth strategy, we propose to examine participation in and the impact of one of India's major and most prominent skills and job creation schemes, that is, the "Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushal Yojana" (DDU-GKY). Between January 2017 and January 2018, 113,329 young people took part in DDU-GKY training and 69,471 were placed in employment across 398 trades. There were 699 centres delivering training during this period. The programme has a clear mission to engage the most excluded groups and it is proposed that programme participants should include Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes (50%), minorities (15%), women (33%) and persons with disabilities (3%).We aim to identify the social factors that influence the ability of the DDU-GKY programme, and other similar programmes, to achieve social development and inclusion and to assess not only whether such programmes lead to sustained employment and higher earnings, but also whether they promote the development of the personal and social capabilities that are linked to employability skills and full engagement in society. Our aim is not to evaluate the overall DDU-GKY programme but to identify factors which will support its success, while simultaneously developing a broader definition of 'success', incorporating measures of social inclusion and employability or soft skills gain and the personal efficacy to employ these skills in the workplace and in wider society. The research also aims to establish the reasons why some groups who are eligible for training are particularly unlikely to register to take part in the programme and to compare skills gain amongst these groups with those who have participated in training.This project will take an innovative local capacity-building approach, and involves the UK research team working in partnership with local academics and training providers in developing quantitative and qualitative instruments. Longitudinal surveys and interviews with programme participants and a control group of eligible non-participants will be used, as well as interviews with training providers and employers in 2 contrasting states, Bihar and Jharkhand.

在一些发展中国家，青年失业和就业不足是一个紧迫的经济和政治问题。在印度的情况下，这是一个特别令人担忧的问题，因为如果不采取经济和技能体系的再平衡措施来解决技能差距，印度可能无法实现其人口红利（即在总人口中拥有大量工作年龄人口的好处）。最近一次印度劳动力市场会议（2015年举行）得出的结论是，相当多的年轻人被困在非自愿的兼职、临时工、临时工或季节性工作中，无法获得个人和专业发展活动，而这些活动可以让他们进入更好、更稳定的就业岗位。自2003年以来，不受监管的私营部门提供的培训有所增加，这导致了一些技能的过剩和其他技能的短缺，这现在是一个关键的政策问题。因此，印度政府在制定技能培训提供和发展与培训提供者和雇主的公私伙伴关系方面发挥了更多的干预作用。印度政府为来自贫困家庭的农村青年推出了一系列技能培训项目。自2012年以来，印度已在此类计划上投入了约8.68亿美元。然而，关于谁参加了这些方案及其对个人和社会能力发展的影响的证据有限。因此，很难评估它们将创造就业机会与减轻贫困和发展更具包容性的社会联系起来的能力。由于缺乏证据，以及此类计划在印度增长战略中的重要性，我们建议研究印度主要和最突出的技能和就业创造计划之一的参与情况及其影响，即“Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushal Yojana”（DDU-GKY）。2017年1月至2018年1月期间，113,329名年轻人参加了DDU-GKY培训，69,471名年轻人在398个行业就业。在此期间，有699个培训中心提供培训。该项目有一个明确的使命，即吸引最受排斥的群体，建议项目参与者应包括在册种姓/在册部落（50%）、少数民族（15%）、妇女（33%）和残疾人（3%）。我们的目标是确定影响DDU-GKY方案和其他类似方案实现社会发展和包容能力的社会因素，并不仅评估这些方案是否导致持续就业和更高收入，而且评估它们是否促进了与就业技能和充分参与社会相关的个人和社会能力的发展。我们的目的不是评估整个DDU-GKY项目，而是确定支持其成功的因素，同时制定更广泛的“成功”定义，纳入社会包容和就业能力或软技能获得的措施，以及在工作场所和更广泛的社会中使用这些技能的个人效能。该研究还旨在确定为什么一些有资格接受培训的群体特别不可能注册参加该计划，并将这些群体与参加培训的群体之间的技能获得情况进行比较。该项目将采用一种创新的地方能力建设方法，并涉及英国研究团队与当地学者和培训机构合作开发定量和定性工具。将采用纵向调查和对项目参与者的访谈以及对符合条件的非参与者的对照组的访谈，以及对比哈尔邦和贾坎德邦两个对比邦的培训机构和雇主的访谈。