Social determinants of dementia: A cross-country investigation between UK and Japan

痴呆症的社会决定因素：英国和日本之间的跨国调查

• 批准号: ES/S013830/1
• 负责人: Dorina Cadar
• 金额: $ 4.14万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS013830%2F1
• 关键词: Social; determinants; dementia; cross; country

Dementia is one of the major contributors to disability and dependency amongst the elderly population, and a significant public health issue for government and policymakers throughout the world. Recent evidence suggests that in the UK, people with dementia are at increased mortality risk compared with similarly aged people without dementia, overtaking cardiovascular disease. Even though the prevalence of dementia in the UK is rising due to higher numbers of people surviving into older ages, recent evidence suggests that the UK is experiencing a decline in dementia incidence. By contrast, Japan has witnessed a different trend, with increases in both incidence and prevalence. This difference could be related to diagnostic practice within each country, which needs to be further explored or to the cultural variability in the risk and protective factors driving these emerging forecasts that remain fundamentally different between the UK and Japan.Research in this field has been dominated by clinical studies of dementia mostly conducted in the UK and US, and the current evidence base lacks reliable national data on incidence and prevalence of dementia that are vital for service planning, the prediction of future needs, estimating the costs of dementia care. Examining the influence of social factors on mental health is one of the ESRC's core strategic priorities.Moreover, addressing socioeconomic inequalities and social determinants of health is a major focus for policy, so it is crucial to understand how these factors affect dementia incidence globally, and more specifically in geographical regions where the incidence trends seem to be diverging (e.g. the UK and Japan).The overall aim is to create a collaborative network between investigators from three longitudinal studies of ageing: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) in the UK, the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC study) and Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study of Aging (JAGES), which are ideally placed for conducting cross-cohort comparisons using harmonised longitudinal analyses and address the following research questions:1. What are the social determinants of dementia in England and Japan?2. What are the exploratory mechanisms of the divergent trends in dementia incidence observed in England and Japan?3. What are the critical differences between the social determinants of dementia in England and Japan?The specific objectives of this project are to lay the groundwork for future larger-scale cross-country investigations, which are essential and timely given that Japan experiences a fundamentally opposite trend in dementia incidence compared to the UK. We plan to organise a number of network events in London and Osaka, comprising of an international seminar, data harmonisation and policy workshops and offer the opportunity for the two Early Career Researchers to broaden their research horizons and exchange their work experience in renowned international teams. They will visit London and Osaka to gain in-depth insight into other data cohorts, and have opportunities to learn new cross-cohort analytical techniques, contributing to the establishment of a UK-Japan collaborative partnership in dementia. We anticipate that findings from this study will help policymakers and practitioners develop policies and interventions that can help improve health on older population and reduce dementia risk, especially in the most vulnerable groups.

痴呆症是导致老年人口残疾和依赖的主要原因之一，也是世界各国政府和政策制定者面临的一个重大公共卫生问题。最近的证据表明，在英国，与同龄的非痴呆症患者相比，痴呆症患者的死亡风险更高，超过了心血管疾病。尽管由于活到老年的人数增加，英国痴呆症的患病率正在上升，但最近的证据表明，英国的痴呆症发病率正在下降。相比之下，日本则出现了不同的趋势，发病率和流行率都有所上升。这种差异可能与每个国家的诊断实践有关，需要进一步探索，或者与推动这些新兴预测的风险和保护因素的文化差异有关，这些预测在英国和日本仍然存在根本差异。这一领域的研究主要是在英国和美国进行的痴呆症临床研究，目前的证据基础缺乏关于痴呆症发病率和患病率的可靠国家数据，这些数据对于服务规划、未来需求的预测和痴呆症护理成本的估计至关重要。研究社会因素对心理健康的影响是ESRC的核心战略重点之一。此外，解决社会经济不平等和健康的社会决定因素是政策的主要焦点，因此了解这些因素如何影响全球痴呆症发病率是至关重要的，更具体地说，在发病率趋势似乎存在差异的地理区域(例如英国和日本)。总体目标是创建一个合作网络，研究人员来自三个关于老龄化的纵向研究：英国的英国老龄化纵向研究(ELSA)、日本的协作队列研究(JACC研究)和日本的老龄老年学评估研究(JAGES)。这两项研究是使用协调的纵向分析进行跨队列比较的理想位置，并解决了以下研究问题：1.英国和日本痴呆症的社会决定因素是什么？2.在英国和日本观察到的痴呆症发病率差异趋势的探索机制是什么？3.英国和日本痴呆症的社会决定因素之间的关键差异是什么？这个项目的具体目标是为未来更大规模的越野调查奠定基础，这是必要的和及时的，因为日本的痴呆症发病率与英国完全相反。我们计划在伦敦和大阪组织一系列网络活动，包括国际研讨会、数据协调和政策研讨会，并为这两位早期职业研究人员提供机会，拓宽他们的研究视野，并在知名的国际团队中交流他们的工作经验。他们将访问伦敦和大阪，深入了解其他数据队列，并有机会学习新的跨队列分析技术，为建立英日痴呆症合作伙伴关系做出贡献。我们预计，这项研究的结果将有助于政策制定者和实践者制定政策和干预措施，帮助改善老年人口的健康，降低痴呆症风险，特别是在最脆弱的群体中。

项目成果

Is the engagement in social and cognitive type of leisure activities protective against dementia risk? Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Developing topics

参与社交和认知类型的休闲活动是否可以预防痴呆症风险？

• DOI: 10.1002/alz.047301
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Alzheimer's & Dementia
• 作者: Almeida-Meza P

P3-574: MARKERS OF COGNITIVE RESERVE AND DEMENTIA INCIDENCE IN THE ENGLISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGEING

P3-574：英国老龄化纵向研究中认知储备和痴呆症发病率的标志

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.3611
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Alzheimer's & Dementia
• 作者: Almeida P

OP01 The long-term effects of a polygenetic predisposition to general cognition on healthy cognitive ageing: evidence from the English longitudinal study of ageing

OP01 一般认知的多基因倾向对健康认知衰老的长期影响：来自英国衰老纵向研究的证据

• DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-ssmabstracts.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Ajnakina O

Erratum to: Is Engagement in Intellectual and Social Leisure Activities Protective Against Dementia Risk? Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

勘误表：参与智力和社交休闲活动是否可以预防痴呆症风险？

• DOI: 10.3233/jad-219016
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: JAD
• 作者: Almeida-Meza P

The long-term effects of a polygenetic predisposition to general cognition on healthy cognitive ageing: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

• DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004827
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Ajnakina, Olesya;Murray, Robin;Steptoe, Andrew;Cadar, Dorina
• 通讯作者: Cadar, Dorina