WWCW Highlight Call: Understanding social isolation and subjective wellbeing across the life course: a project using five British birth cohort studies

WWCW 重点呼吁：了解整个生命过程中的社会隔离和主观幸福感：一个使用五项英国出生队列研究的项目

• 批准号: ES/T007575/1
• 负责人: Praveetha Patalay
• 金额: $ 30.45万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FT007575%2F1
• 关键词: WWCW; Highlight; Call; Understanding; social

Social connectedness is considered to be a basic psychological need, and social isolation is associated with a range of negative outcomes including poorer mental health, cognitive decline and mortality. Recent policy efforts have been set up to address some of these challenges, including a drive to understand and reduce social isolation and loneliness. The existing literature considers social isolation to be an objective characteristic of someone's experience and it is assessed based on factors such as living alone, having few social relationships and infrequent social contact. Loneliness, on the other hand, is a subjective assessment of one's relationships and experience. Despite this increase in policy interest, there lacks empirical evidence from large scale, representative datasets on the extent of social isolation experienced by individuals through their lives and the extent of the link between social isolation and wellbeing at different ages and in different generations. This research proposal aims to address this gap by documenting the life course perspective on the relationship between social isolation and wellbeing; and uncover generational differences in trends of social isolation and wellbeing. We will make use of five longitudinal British cohort studies following children born in 1946, 1958, 1970, 1989 and 2001 to generate comparable measures of social isolation to understand the patterns and trends by life course and by generation. This data intensive aspect of the project will generate harmonised variables which will be an important resource for the research community facilitating future research in this area. Much of the previous research focuses on social isolation in late adulthood, this proposed research will extend the existing literature by examining how social isolation varies across the whole life course, from childhood, adolescence, early-adulthood, mid-life and older ages. Thereafter we will investigate whether things have changed across generations in the UK over the last 60 years and investigate whether there are any observed differences. Differences might be expected as a result of different exposures by each generation, for example, increased access to higher education, changes in the labour market or access to the internet. These analyses will be able to confirm whether any differences are observed in these national cohorts and if yes, the direction of observed changes. Next, we will examine the relationship between social isolation, loneliness and subjective wellbeing at different ages. Unpacking the relationship between social isolation, wellbeing and age is important for developing life course specific policy interventions. In order to understand these relationships in more detail, we will investigate whether the experiences of social isolation are different for men and women, and whether they are differentially associated with wellbeing by gender. Similarly, we will investigate the experience of social isolation by socio-economic advantage or disadvantage and investigate how it is associated with wellbeing across these groups. Using the loneliness measures (where available) we will examine in what ways social isolation and loneliness are interrelated. Social isolation and loneliness are not highly associated as it is possible to be socially isolated and prefer seclusion and inversely to be socially connected but to still feel lonely. Hence, we will investigate whether social isolation and loneliness separately explain the variation in wellbeing. We will also examine groups of individuals based on whether they are experiencing both, either or neither to help understand the relationships of these different combinations of experience with subjective wellbeing at different ages.

社会联系被认为是一种基本的心理需求，社会孤立与一系列负面结果有关，包括心理健康状况较差，认知能力下降和死亡率。最近的政策努力是为了应对其中一些挑战，包括努力了解和减少社会孤立和孤独。现有的文献认为，社会孤立是一个人的经验的客观特征，它是评估的基础上的因素，如独居，有很少的社会关系和不经常的社会接触。另一方面，孤独是对一个人的关系和经历的主观评价。尽管人们对政策的兴趣有所增加，但缺乏来自大规模、有代表性的数据集的经验证据，说明个人一生中所经历的社会孤立程度，以及不同年龄和不同世代的社会孤立与福祉之间的联系程度。本研究提案旨在通过记录关于社会隔离和福祉之间关系的生命历程观点来解决这一差距;并揭示社会隔离和福祉趋势的代际差异。我们将利用五个纵向的英国队列研究出生于1946年，1958年，1970年，1989年和2001年的儿童，以产生社会隔离的可比措施，以了解生活过程和世代的模式和趋势。该项目的数据密集型方面将产生协调的变量，这将成为研究界促进该领域未来研究的重要资源。以往的研究主要集中在成年后期的社会隔离，本研究将通过研究社会隔离在整个生命过程中的变化来扩展现有的文献，从童年，青少年，成年早期，中年和老年。此后，我们将调查在过去的60年里，英国几代人之间的情况是否发生了变化，并调查是否有任何观察到的差异。由于每一代人所受的影响不同，例如，接受高等教育的机会增加，劳动力市场的变化或上网的机会，可能会出现差异。这些分析将能够确认在这些国家队列中是否观察到任何差异，如果是，观察到的变化方向。接下来，我们将研究不同年龄段的社会孤立，孤独和主观幸福感之间的关系。解开社会孤立，福祉和年龄之间的关系是重要的发展生命过程的具体政策干预。为了更详细地了解这些关系，我们将调查男性和女性的社会孤立经历是否不同，以及它们是否与性别的幸福感有差异。同样，我们将通过社会经济优势或劣势来调查社会孤立的经历，并调查它如何与这些群体的福祉相关联。使用孤独的措施（在可用的情况下），我们将研究社会孤立和孤独是如何相互关联的。社会孤立和孤独并没有高度相关，因为有可能在社会上孤立，更喜欢隐居，相反，社会联系，但仍然感到孤独。因此，我们将研究社会孤立和孤独是否分别解释幸福感的变化。我们还将根据他们是否同时经历这两种情况来检查个人群体，以帮助理解这些不同的经验组合与不同年龄的主观幸福感之间的关系。

项目成果

Lifecourse Trajectories and Cross-generation Trends in Social Isolation: Findings from Five Successive British Birth Cohort Studies

生命历程轨迹和社会孤立的跨代趋势：五项连续英国出生队列研究的发现

• DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/7pkqg
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Mansfield R

Examining the inter-relationships between social isolation and loneliness and their correlates among older British adults before and during the COVID-19 lockdown: evidence from four British longitudinal studies

检查英国老年人在 COVID-19 封锁之前和期间的社会孤立和孤独感之间的相互关系及其相关性：来自四项英国纵向研究的证据

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.23291947
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Mansfield R

Examining the Interrelationships Between Social Isolation and Loneliness and Their Correlates Among Older British Adults Before and During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Evidence From Four British Longitudinal Studies.

• DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad126
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: INNOVATION IN AGING
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Mansfield, Rosie;Di Gessa, Giorgio;Patel, Kishan;Mcelroy, Eoin;Wels, Jacques;Henderson, Morag;Maddock, Jane;Stafford, Jean;Steptoe, Andrew;Richards, Marcus;Patalay, Praveetha;Albert, Steven M.
• 通讯作者: Albert, Steven M.

A data-driven approach to understanding non-response and restoring sample representativeness in the UK Next Steps cohort

采用数据驱动的方法来了解英国下一步队列中的无答复并恢复样本代表性

• DOI: 10.1332/17579597y2024d000000010
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Longitudinal and Life Course Studies
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Silverwood R