Reframing ways of doing, talking, and thinking about legal and economic phenomena

重新构建法律和经济现象的行为、谈论和思考方式

• 批准号: ES/V005634/1
• 负责人: Clare Williams
• 金额: $ 12.33万
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV005634%2F1
• 关键词: Reframing; ways; doing; talking; thinking

The way we talk matters. The words, frames and concepts that shape our dialogue also shape our responses to events like the financial crisis of 2008, the current environmental crisis, and pandemic (Lakoff, 2014). The vocabulary available to talk about, think about, and do legal and economic aspects of interactions is deeply important, but often overlooked. A striking contemporary example of the importance one word can play is "embeddedness". My research traces the history of the concept of embeddedness from Polanyi's "always embedded economy" (Polanyi, 1944). I examine Granovetter's accidental revival of the concept in 1985, before exploring its incarnation as the "core concept" of scholarly lenses like economic sociology of law (ESL) and the current confusion surrounding it (Granovetter, 1985; Krippner et al., 2004). I then turn to contemporary popular literature published in response to the financial crisis which frequently states that the economy is either "obviously embedded" in society (Raworth, 2018), or that society has become embedded in the economy and its regulation (Earle et al., 2017). The implication is that it is in part due to the separation between law, economy and society that we failed to predict and respond effectively to the crisis. In this way, the concept of embeddedness offers us a convenient hook on which we can hang the problems of the relationships between law, economics and society. But in reality it is confused and ambiguous. Are law and economy embedded in society, or is society embedded in law and economy? Moreover, the ongoing commitment to the concept of embeddedness stifles innovative reframing of the role of legal and economic phenomena. The concept of embeddedness re-entrenches existing ways of doing, talking and thinking and the neoclassical and doctrinal origins and implications of these frames. This is important because it prevents us from appraising which voices, values and interests we wish to prioritise. To reframe, we need new ways of doing, talking and thinking about legal and economic phenomena that move us beyond current frames and current conceptual commitments to embeddedness. Using concepts from law, economics, sociology, anthropology, linguistics and psychology, I propose one way of moving beyond embeddedness. By focusing on interactions rather than actors, and feedback loops rather than embeddedness, we can develop new ways of talking about legal and economic phenomena that can highlight and value diverse voices and interests. Instead of focusing on growth, what if we were able to prioritise equality, equity, sustainability and/or justice?The originality of my work lies not only in its content but in its communication. Specifically, it seeks to build upon emergent scholarship around the application of design-based methods in sociolegal research which argue that 'designerly ways', in particular the emphasis on communication, experimentation and making things visible and tangible, are especially suited to addressing sociolegal concerns (Perry andPerry-Kessaris, 2019; Perry-Kessaris, 2020, 2017). Words are inherently limited in their capacity to challenge dominant frames and "ways of knowing" (Cross, 1982). So I will use visual methods to critically explore the concept of embeddedness and its possible alternatives, specifically digital art, graphic design, 3D computer modelling and animations. In this way I will employ the "Carlsberg effect" (Bernstein et al., 2015) of reaching the places that words cannot, and the subconscious voices and interests therein, and generate innovative and interactive ways of engaging wider audiences beyond academia. As a result, the proposed project combines ground-breaking research in sociolegal methods and concepts with cutting edge means of engagement that seeks out impact beyond the university through increased awareness and understanding of the importance of how we frame the legal and economic (Reed, 2018).

我们说话的方式很重要。塑造我们对话的词语、框架和概念也塑造了我们对2008年金融危机、当前环境危机和流行病等事件的反应（Lakoff，2014）。在相互作用的法律的和经济方面，可以用来谈论、思考和执行的词汇非常重要，但往往被忽视。当代一个突出的例子是“嵌入”，它说明了一个词的重要性。我的研究追溯了嵌入性概念的历史，从波兰尼的“始终嵌入的经济”（波兰尼，1944）。我研究了格兰维特在1985年对这一概念的意外复兴，然后探讨了它作为法律经济社会学（ESL）等学术镜头的“核心概念”的化身以及目前围绕它的混乱（格兰维特，1985; Krippner等人，2004年）。然后，我转向为应对金融危机而发表的当代流行文献，这些文献经常指出，经济要么“明显嵌入”社会（Raworth，2018），要么社会已经嵌入经济及其监管（Earle et al.，2017年）。这意味着，我们未能预测和有效应对危机，部分原因是法律、经济和社会之间的分离。这样，嵌入性的概念就为我们提供了一个方便的钩子，我们可以把法律、经济和社会之间的关系问题挂在上面。但在现实中，它是混乱和模糊的。法律和经济是嵌入社会的，还是社会嵌入法律和经济的？此外，对嵌入性概念的持续承诺扼杀了对法律的和经济现象作用的创新性重构。嵌入性的概念重新巩固了现有的做事、说话和思考方式，以及这些框架的新古典主义和教义起源和含义。这很重要，因为它阻止我们评估我们希望优先考虑哪些声音，价值观和利益。为了重新构建，我们需要新的方式来做，谈论和思考法律的和经济现象，使我们超越当前的框架和当前对嵌入的概念承诺。运用法律、经济学、社会学、人类学、语言学和心理学的概念，我提出了一种超越嵌入性的方法。通过关注互动而不是参与者，关注反馈循环而不是嵌入性，我们可以发展出谈论法律的和经济现象的新方法，这些方法可以突出和重视不同的声音和利益。如果我们能够优先考虑平等、公平、可持续性和/或正义，而不是专注于增长，会怎样？我的作品的独创性不仅在于它的内容，而且在于它的沟通。具体而言，它旨在围绕社会法律研究中基于设计的方法的应用建立新兴奖学金，认为“设计师的方式”，特别是强调沟通，实验和使事物可见和有形，特别适合解决社会法律问题（佩里和佩里-凯萨里斯，2019;佩里-凯萨里斯，2020，2017）。词语在挑战主导框架和“认知方式”方面的能力是天生有限的（Cross，1982）。因此，我将使用视觉方法来批判性地探索嵌入的概念及其可能的替代方案，特别是数字艺术，平面设计，3D计算机建模和动画。这样，我将采用“嘉士伯效应”（伯恩斯坦等人，2015年）到达的地方，文字不能，以及潜意识的声音和利益，并产生创新和互动的方式，吸引更广泛的受众超越学术界。因此，拟议的项目结合了社会法律方法和概念的突破性研究与参与的尖端手段，通过提高对我们如何构建法律的和经济的重要性的认识和理解，寻求超越大学的影响（里德，2018）。

项目成果

Doing Sociolegal Research in Design Mode , AMANDAPERRY-KESSARIS, London: Routledge, 2021, 154 pp., £44.99

在设计模式中进行社会法律研究，AMANDAPERRY-KESSARIS，伦敦：Routledge，2021 年，154 页，44.99 英镑

• DOI: 10.1111/jols.12394
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Law and Society
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: WILLIAMS C

A Visual Autoethnography of a PhD Journey

博士之旅的视觉自我民族志

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Amicus Curiae
• 作者: Williams C

An Economic Sociology of Law Reimagined: Beyond Embeddedness

重新构想的法律经济社会学：超越嵌入性

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Williams Clare

Design and Visualisation in Legal Education

法律教育中的设计与可视化

• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Williams C