Towards hybridity in the Protection of Civilians

保护平民中的混合性

• 批准号: ES/V008811/1
• 负责人: David Curran
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Coventry University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV008811%2F1
• 关键词: Towards; hybridity; Protection; Civilians

Violent conflict has a catastrophic effect on all aspects of civilian life. In May 2020, the United Nations Secretary-General reported that more than 20,000 civilians had been killed or injured in 2019 as a result of attacks in conflicts in 10 countries alone. It is for these reasons that the 'protection of civilians' (PoC) in violent conflict zones has become a cornerstone of the policies and actions of those international organisations who intervene in a third-party capacity.Operations deployed under the United Nations (UN), regional organisations and national governments have all developed policies and frameworks which guide their military, civilian and police personnel in aspects of PoC. Likewise, non-governmental organisations and humanitarian actors have developed their own approaches towards civilian protection, with nuanced but valuable differences from those of the multilateral organisations. In addition, civil society actors from the conflict zone itself approach protection in a way informed by local context. These approaches may also bring a different understanding to what protection is and how it is implemented.Therefore challenges concerning how different visions of PoC compete and interact within deployment zones have come to the fore. Organisational strategies, governmental approaches, and civil society understandings of what 'protection' means and how it is implemented have been exposed. This necessitates further dialogue amongst the different actors engaged in civilian protection in violent conflict.This research project will launch a series of workshops whereby policy actors and academic researchers engage on this topic. At the core of these workshops will be the concept of 'hybridity'. A theory drawn from the peacebuilding and development fields, hybridity refers to the interaction between third party interveners, and those who are subject to the intervention. Workshops will examine how intervening organisations have adapted their policies when operating within a shared space with other organisations, and how they react when local actors adapt, ignore, or resist their version of 'civilian protection'.The workshops will be held in Dublin, London and Durham, and are organised with the intention of linking up an inter-disciplinary network of scholars and policymakers on the topic. Scholars will largely be at the early-career stage of their academic career, and will be invited to present their research into civilian protection, but also to reflect on the research process which they used. The workshops will invite participants from the policy community, engaging with those who develop guidance and policy on civilian protection in an official capacity. Practitioners will be invited to share their perspectives on implementation challenges that they have faced in deployment zones. Here, those who work for humanitarian organisations will outline the processes which took place in engaging with local civil society actors in deployment zones, and how policies were amended in light of local context. Through these workshops it is expected that a sustainable network of engaged parties will be created.The network will form the core list of authors from which a proposal for a special edition of a high-ranking international journal will be composed. It is expected that academic output will be methodologically rigourous, of high originality and will make a significant contribution to the study of civilian protection in violent conflict.In addition to the academic output, the workshops will release a number of smaller workshop reports, and a synthesis report. These will be targeted primarily at the policy community to introduce the research project and the discussions which take place. These reports, and background documentation into civilian protection will be stored on a publicly accessible online data-bank. Finally, the series seeks to build a learning pack for students and scholars.

暴力冲突对平民生活的所有方面都产生灾难性影响。2020年5月，联合国秘书长报告称，2019年，仅在10个国家的冲突中，就有超过2万名平民因袭击而伤亡。正是由于这些原因，在暴力冲突地区的“保护平民"已成为那些以第三方身份进行干预的国际组织的政策和行动的基石。联合国、区域组织和各国政府部署的行动都制定了政策和框架，在保护平民方面指导其军事、文职和警务人员。同样，非政府组织和人道主义行为体也制定了自己的平民保护方法，与多边组织的方法有细微但宝贵的差异。此外，来自冲突地区的民间社会行为体本身也以了解当地情况的方式处理保护问题。这些办法也可能使人们对什么是保护以及如何实施保护产生不同的理解，因此，关于保护的不同观点如何在部署区内相互竞争和相互作用的挑战就成为了突出问题。组织战略，政府的做法，和民间社会的理解是什么'保护'的意思，以及如何实施已经暴露。这就需要在暴力冲突中保护平民的不同行为者之间开展进一步对话，本研究项目将举办一系列讲习班，让政策行为者和学术研究人员参与这一专题。这些研讨会的核心将是“混合”的概念。混合性是从建设和平和发展领域得出的一种理论，指的是第三方干预者与受干预者之间的互动。研讨会将研究干预组织如何调整他们的政策时，在一个共享的空间内与其他组织，以及他们如何反应时，当地的行为者适应，忽视，或抵制他们的版本的“平民保护”。研讨会将在都柏林，伦敦和达勒姆举行，并与连接的学者和政策制定者的跨学科网络的意图在这个话题上组织。学者们大多处于学术生涯的早期阶段，将应邀介绍他们对平民保护的研究，并反思他们使用的研究过程。讲习班将邀请政策界人士参加，与以官方身份制定平民保护指导方针和政策的人员接触。将邀请执行人员就他们在部署区面临的执行挑战发表看法。在这里，人道主义组织的工作人员将概述在部署区与当地民间社会行为体接触的过程，以及如何根据当地情况修改政策。通过这些讲习班，预计将建立一个可持续的参与各方网络，该网络将形成作者核心名单，据此将提出一份高级别国际期刊特刊的建议。预期学术产出将在方法上严谨，具有高度独创性，并将对暴力冲突中保护平民的研究作出重大贡献，除了学术产出外，讲习班还将发表一些较小的讲习班报告和一份综合报告。这些将主要针对政策界，介绍研究项目和进行的讨论。这些报告以及平民保护的背景文件将储存在一个可供公众查阅的在线数据库中。最后，该系列力求为学生和学者建立一个学习包。