Collaborative rebel-civil society driven governance as resistance to state criminality: The Kachin Independence Army's revolutionary law abidance.

叛乱与民间社会的合作推动治理作为对国家犯罪的抵抗：克钦独立军对革命法律的遵守。

• 批准号: ES/V011707/1
• 负责人: Alicia De La Cour Venning
• 金额: $ 12.97万
• 依托单位: Queen Mary University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV011707%2F1
• 关键词: Collaborative; rebel; civil; society; driven

The Kachin Independence Organisation/Army (KIO/A) emerged in 1961 in response to discriminatory policies imposed by Myanmar's authoritarian leaders who perceive minority rights as a threat to its Bamar-Buddhist nationalist ideology. The conflict persists making it one of the longest running civil wars in modern history. Alongside armed violence, a faction of KIO/A leaders perceive the development of parallel state structures as an important component of Kachin resistance. Included within this nascent process of 'rebel governance' are attempts to comply with elements of international humanitarian law (IHL). Most clearly, the prohibition against the military recruitment of persons under the age of 18. This position is counter-intuitive because international norms belong to a system of state-centric regulation constructed to maintain state sovereignty, which for the most part, delegitimises actors violently resisting governmental authority. The project aims then to enhance our understanding of the motivations underpinning rebel decisions to engage with international norms, though the laws of war belong to a broader system of international regulation which, at its foundations, obstructs armed opposition to sovereign power (Mégret 2009, Anghie 2003, Orford 2006).The research is valuable in the sense that it humbly seeks to address our limited ability to conceptualise armed opposition groups as potentially legitimate actors. This approach is designed to enhance our understanding of the motivations and implications of 'rebel' engagement with international law, upon strategies of resistance to abuses perpetrated by governments, which international law frequently fails to address efficiently.The project is based upon over seven months of fieldwork observations, including more than 160 interviews and informal discussions with Kachin rebel, community, and political leaders as well as individuals displaced by the conflict, international aid workers and diplomats, and local and international political analysts, journalists, and civil society actors. My research reveals that intensified Myanmar state violence post-2011 has triggered and strengthened collaborative civil society-rebel resistance and Kachin nation building ambitions.The phenomenon of rebel governance, specifically a willingness to engage, albeit in a limited sense, with IHL elicits a number of urgent questions that my research seeks to address: How might IHL's 'othering' of rebels, paradoxically, deprive such groups of the opportunity to comply with international humanitarian norms? How does collaborative civilian-rebel resistance emerge and evolve in response to state criminality and influence IHL engagement?

克钦独立组织/军（KIO/A）于1961年出现，以应对缅甸独裁领导人施加的歧视性政策，他们认为少数民族的权利是对其巴玛佛教民族主义意识形态的威胁。这场冲突持续不断，成为现代历史上持续时间最长的内战之一。除了武装暴力，克钦独立组织/解放军的一个派别领导人认为，平行国家结构的发展是克钦抵抗的重要组成部分。在这一新生的“反叛治理”进程中，还包括努力遵守国际人道法的内容。最明显的是，禁止招募18岁以下的人入伍。这一立场是违反直觉的，因为国际规范属于以国家为中心的监管体系，旨在维护国家主权，这在很大程度上使暴力反抗政府权威的行为者失去了合法性。该项目的目的是加强我们对反叛分子决定遵守国际准则的动机的理解，尽管战争法属于一个更广泛的国际监管体系，其基础是阻碍武装反对主权权力（Mégret 2009，Anghie 2003，奥福德，2006年）这项研究是有价值的，因为它谦卑地寻求解决我们将武装反对派团体概念化为潜在合法团体的有限能力。演员这一方法的目的是加强我们的动机和影响的理解'叛乱'与国际法的参与，对战略的抵抗政府所犯下的侵权行为，其中国际法往往无法有效地解决。该项目是基于七个多月的实地考察观察，包括160多个访谈和非正式讨论克钦叛乱，社区，与会者包括政治领导人以及因冲突而流离失所的个人、国际援助工作者和外交官、当地和国际政治分析人士、记者和民间社会行为者。我的研究表明，2011年后缅甸国家暴力的加剧引发并加强了民间社会与叛军的合作抵抗，以及克钦民族建设的雄心。叛军治理的现象，特别是参与国际人道法的意愿（尽管是有限的），引出了我的研究试图解决的一些紧迫问题：矛盾的是，国际人道法对叛乱分子的“他者化”如何剥夺了这些团体遵守国际人道准则的机会？针对国家犯罪行为，苏丹-叛军合作抵抗是如何出现和发展的，并如何影响国际人道法的参与？