THERMOREGULATORY FUNCTION OF SLOW-WAVE SLEEP AND REM SLEEP

该项目旨在研究基本的生物功能 睡眠和睡眠阶段。 睡眠，就像麻木一样， 通过抑制对环境的行为反应来保存能量 刺激和降低体温的调节水平， 新陈代谢. 这种重复的能源消耗的小节省 可以提高动物在环境中的生存机会， 边际能源。 大多数调查人员都把重点放在 慢波睡眠的节能方面，这似乎是 与降温机制相关。 目前的教条是，在快速眼动期间，体温调节暂停 睡吧 然而，大脑消耗了大量的能量， 在快速眼动睡眠期间，这种支出似乎不太可能 没有任何用处 我们假设快速眼动睡眠 在大脑和眼睛局部产生热量， 维持中枢神经系统温度在可接受的范围内， 在睡眠中身体会冷却。 产热完成 通过1）增加大脑代谢和2）快速眼球运动。 维持大脑温度可能1）促进快速唤醒 和/或2）保护恒温动物中的CNS组织免受 在相当大的身体期间功能或结构损伤 当他们在自然环境中睡觉时会发生的冷却。 本项目的目的是1）记录体细胞的变化 和中枢神经系统温度在不同阶段的睡眠， 测量睡眠脑电图和直肠，胸部，手指，眼睑，前额和 睡眠期间持续的鼓膜温度，以及 在清醒期间的自主快速眼球运动期间，以及2） 测试快速眼动睡眠维持大脑温度的假设 通过测试快速眼动睡眠产生的反应， 睡眠中的热挑战机制 个脑袋 在慢波睡眠中，我们发现直肠，前额， 眼睑和鼓膜温度迅速下降。 在第一 快速眼动睡眠期和自主快速眼动期 清醒时，我们发现直肠温度（一种测量躯体温度的方法） 温度）继续下降，但前额，眼睑， 鼓膜温度（CNS温度的间接测量）升高。 这些描述性的观察结果与我们的模型雅阁， 快速眼动睡眠期间大脑的选择性产热。 我们已经开始研究面部加热和冷却对快速眼动的影响 睡眠生成机制 这些实验的数据并没有 还没有被分析过。

The project is designed to investigated basic biological functions of sleep and sleep stages. Sleep, like torpor, may serve to conserve energy by inhibiting behavioral responses to environmental stimuli and by lowering the regulated level of body temperature and metabolism. Such repeated small savings in energy expenditure could enhance an animal's chance of survival in environments with marginal energy resources. Most investigators have focused on energy conserving aspects of slow wave sleep, which appears to be associated with a temperature-lowering mechanism. Current dogma is that thermoregulation is suspended during REM sleep. However, considerable energy is expended by the brain during REM sleep, and it seems unlikely that this expenditure serves no useful purpose. We hypothesize that REM sleep serves to generate heat locally in the brain and the eyes in order to maintain CNS temperature within acceptable limits while the rest of the body cools during sleep. Heat production is accomplished by 1) increased brain metabolism and 2) rapid eye movements. Maintenance of brain temperature may 1) facilitate rapid arousal from sleep and/or 2) protect CNS tissue in homeotherms from functional or structural impairment during the considerable body cooling which occurs when they sleep in a natural environment. The purpose of this project is 1) to document changes in somatic and CNS temperature during the different stages of sleep by measuring sleep EEG and rectal, chest, finger, eyelid, forehead and tympanic membrane temperatures continuously during sleep, and during voluntary rapid eye movements during wakefulness and 2) to test the hypothesis that REM sleep maintains brain temperature during body cooling by testing the response of REM sleep generating mechanisms to thermal challenges administered to the sleeping brain. During slow wave sleep, we found that rectal, forehead, eyelid and tympanic temperatures decline rapidly. During the first REM sleep episode and during voluntary rapid eye movements during wakefulness, we fund that rectal temperature (a measure of somatic temperature) continues to decline, but that forehead, eyelid, and tympanic temperatures (indirect measures of CNS temperature) rise. These descriptive observations are in accord with our model of selective brain thermogenesis during REM sleep. We have begun the effects of facial heating and cooling on REM sleep generating mechanisms. Data from these experiments have not yet been analyzed.