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Self-evaluation in adolescent depression

青少年抑郁症的自我评价

基本信息

批准号：
ES/W006332/1
负责人：
Emily Hards
金额：
$ 13.69万
依托单位：
University of Bath
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW006332%2F1
关键词：
Self evaluation adolescent depression

项目摘要

This postdoctoral fellowship builds directly on my PhD research which examined associations between how adolescents describe themselves and their future and depression symptoms. I found that a more negative view of the self and the future were associated with elevated depression symptoms in adolescents. The implications of these findings are important as they provide support for the cognitive model of depression (Beck, 1967), in which treatment for depression (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) is based and suggest that a negative view of the self and future are important components of adolescent depression. In my PhD thesis, I developed a new method to examine adolescent perceptions about the self and the future. In this method, adolescents generated their own individual perceptions of their futures (in comparison to previous research which exclusively used fixed choice responses; Kelvin et al., 1999). The novel process meant that adolescents used their own vocabulary, and generated responses that were truly meaningful to them - with no loss in internal or external validity - and means that further research will be more quickly translational to inform treatments. Crucially, I showed that despite a generally negative view of the self and the future, adolescents with elevated symptoms of depression were able to generate some positive descriptions. However, examining the specific content of positive and negative descriptions was beyond the scope of the PhD - yet this has important implications for both the assessment and treatment of adolescent depression. Therefore, the primary research aim of this fellowship is to better understand the aspects of self-evaluation that are likely to be both helpful and unhelpful. Identifying specific positive self-evaluation from young people with elevated symptoms of depression will act as a building base to improve self-evaluation in therapy. Typically, when assessing negative self-perceptions (one of the key diagnostic symptoms of depression) adolescents are asked how they would describe themselves (i.e., Kiddle Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia; Kaufman et al., 1997). The symptom is met if they describe negative perceptions about themselves or are unable to describe any positive perceptions of themselves. However, we do not know how the adolescent responses should be interpreted or even what the interviewer should be looking for in the responses. Furthermore, a negative view of the future is suggested to be the most important factor that causes and maintains depression (Roepke & Seligman, 2016), and this is the putative target of some psychological therapies developed to treat adolescent depression (e.g. Horwitz et al., 2017). However, these strategies for improving how young people think about their future could be better guided if we knew more about the specific components of how young people describe their future, and which perceptions are most likely to be problematic or useful in adolescent depression. Given the important implications of my research on the assessment and treatment of adolescent depression, dissemination is imperative. The proposed postdoctoral fellowship seeks to enhance my professional development as an early career researcher, allowing me to disseminate my PhD research findings by presenting my research at conferences, special interest research groups, local authorities, local school, writing blogs and also contributing to press releases. Ultimately this will enable me to further my career and access a wide range of audiences including clinicians, researchers and non-academics and therefore build new professional networks and develop grant applications specifically focusing on improving treatment efficacy by improving cognitive models and working to translate these models into treatment and therefore further my career.

这个博士后奖学金直接建立在我的博士研究的基础上，该研究调查了青少年如何描述自己和他们的未来与抑郁症状之间的联系。我发现，对自我和未来的消极看法与青少年抑郁症状的加剧有关。这些发现的意义是重要的，因为它们为抑郁症的认知模型提供了支持（Beck, 1967），抑郁症的治疗（认知行为疗法）基于此，并表明对自我和未来的消极看法是青少年抑郁症的重要组成部分。在我的博士论文中，我开发了一种新的方法来研究青少年对自我和未来的看法。在这种方法中，青少年对自己的未来产生了自己的个人看法（与以前专门使用固定选择反应的研究相比；Kelvin et al., 1999）。这一新颖的过程意味着青少年使用他们自己的词汇，并产生对他们真正有意义的反应——没有内部或外部有效性的损失——并且意味着进一步的研究将更快地转化为治疗信息。至关重要的是，我发现，尽管青少年普遍对自我和未来持消极看法，但抑郁症状加重的青少年能够产生一些积极的描述。然而，研究积极和消极描述的具体内容超出了博士的范围，但这对青少年抑郁症的评估和治疗都有重要的意义。因此，本研究的主要目的是为了更好地了解自我评价的哪些方面可能是有益的，哪些是无益的。从抑郁症状加重的年轻人中识别特定的积极自我评价将作为改善治疗中自我评价的基础。通常，在评估消极自我感知（抑郁症的关键诊断症状之一）时，青少年会被问及他们如何描述自己（例如，Kiddle情感障碍和精神分裂症时间表；Kaufman等人，1997）。如果他们描述对自己的负面看法或无法描述对自己的任何积极看法，则符合症状。然而，我们不知道青少年的回答应该如何解释，甚至不知道面试官应该在回答中寻找什么。此外，对未来的消极看法被认为是导致和维持抑郁症的最重要因素（Roepke & Seligman, 2016），这是一些用于治疗青少年抑郁症的心理疗法的假定目标（例如Horwitz等人，2017）。然而，如果我们更多地了解年轻人如何描述他们的未来的具体组成部分，以及哪些感知最有可能在青少年抑郁症中产生问题或有用，那么这些改善年轻人如何思考他们未来的策略可以得到更好的指导。鉴于我的研究对青少年抑郁症的评估和治疗的重要意义，传播是必要的。申请的博士后奖学金旨在加强我作为早期职业研究员的专业发展，使我能够通过在会议、特殊兴趣研究小组、地方当局、地方学校、撰写博客和新闻稿等方式传播我的博士研究成果。最终，这将使我能够进一步发展我的职业生涯，并接触到广泛的受众，包括临床医生、研究人员和非学术界人士，从而建立新的专业网络，并开发专门专注于通过改进认知模型来提高治疗效果的拨款申请，并努力将这些模型转化为治疗，从而进一步发展我的职业生涯。