A novel programme: Agentive here-and-now interaction in persons with dementia

一项新颖的计划：痴呆症患者此时此刻的主动互动

• 批准号: ES/X006522/1
• 负责人: Simon Williams
• 金额: $ 6.42万
• 依托单位: University of Sussex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FX006522%2F1
• 关键词: novel; programme; Agentive; here; now

Project summaryThe principle aim of the research is to develop a group story-telling activity for people living with dementia. The justification for doing so may be found in the contrasting linguistic behaviour of people with dementia when they are reminiscing about episodes in their earlier life and when they are reacting to events in-the-moment. In-the-moment speech appears to be more fluent, supported by shorter turns and shared conversational roles at these points; and agentive, i.e. linguistic directives, first-person declaratives, and other deontic expressions of intent are evident. The person appears to be more animated. Conversely, whilst group reminiscence therapy is suggested for consideration by NICE (2018), some evidence of negative effects in one-to-one reminiscence has been reported, as the speaker becomes aware of the possible contrast between happier past times and their present situation. The proposed activity would achieve a balance between the two conditions, between the natural tendency of people to talk about themselves and the more stimulating interaction enabled in social contexts. Before and after each session, whether in-person or online, participants will complete a situational measurement of their emotional well-being via an adaptation of the CWS (Camic, 2020). The stimulus provided would be a hard-copy image, one per person, from a collection that makes up a storyboard, i.e. it is possible for the images to be placed in an order that invites a narrative. Several orders are possible. Each person would be invited to describe their image, any music it reminded them of, and any associated sensory details, such as tastes, touch, and scents. In the next part of the activity, the participants are invited to agree an order to all the images, perhaps by laying them out on a table top, and collectively building up a story that makes sense of them. This stage involves negotiation and in-the-moment discussion. Afterwards, participants would be given hard and soft copies of the group-authored story to keep. We intend the activity to be available in-person and online to suit participants and conditions. The aim is to provide people living with dementia and, by extension, older people who may feel socially isolated, with opportunities for enjoyable and creative social interaction that builds an end-product. Although one similar commercially available activity called Timeslips exists, it offers single images only, unlike our storyboards. It does not invite participants to name music and other sensory associations with the images, and the participants are not given the completed story at the end.We propose four other initiatives running alongside the development of the activity to further our key objective: ongoing stakeholder involvement in the trialling and development of the activity; a bespoke training course for facilitators interested in using the activity; an interactive website to support the facilitators; and the creation of a Community Interest Company to ensure the activity, training course, and website are self-sustaining.Along with a report of the well-being measurements referred to above, the more conventional research output will be a linguistic analysis of participants' speech in the two parts of the activity. It is hypothesised that speech in the second, group interaction part will be more fluent and agentive. In common with other arts-based activities, associated improvements in well-being are expected. ReferencesCamic, P. (2020). Canterbury Wellbeing Scales. https://zenodo.org/record/4063768#.YoZjQqjMKUlNICE. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Great Britain). (2018). Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng97

项目概述本研究的主要目的是为痴呆症患者开发一种集体讲故事的活动。这样做的理由可能在痴呆症患者在回忆早年生活中的事件和在瞬间对事件做出反应时的不同语言行为中找到。在这一点上，即时演讲似乎更流利，有更短的话轮和共同的对话角色支持；施事，即语言指令，第一人称声明，以及其他道义的意图表达是显而易见的。这个人看起来更有活力。相反，尽管NICE(2018)建议考虑集体回忆疗法，但有一些证据表明，一对一的回忆会产生负面影响，因为说话者意识到更快乐的过去和他们现在的情况之间可能存在的反差。拟议的活动将在这两个条件之间实现平衡，在人们谈论自己的自然倾向和在社会背景下实现的更具刺激性的互动之间取得平衡。在每次培训前后，无论是面对面的还是在线的，参与者都将通过CWS的改编完成对他们情绪幸福感的情景测量(CAMIC，2020)。提供的刺激将是硬拷贝图像，每人一张，来自组成故事板的集合，即图像可以按邀请叙事的顺序放置。有几个订单是可能的。每个人都会被邀请描述他们的形象，任何让他们想起的音乐，以及任何相关的感官细节，如口味、触觉和气味。在活动的下一部分，参与者被邀请同意所有图像的顺序，可能是将它们放在桌面上，然后集体构建一个有意义的故事。这一阶段包括谈判和即刻讨论。之后，参与者将获得小组创作的故事的硬拷贝和软拷贝以备保存。我们希望该活动可以面对面和在线提供，以适应参与者和条件。其目的是为痴呆症患者以及可能感到社会孤立的老年人提供机会，进行愉快和创造性的社会互动，以建立最终产品。尽管有一种类似的商业活动叫做Timeslips，但它只提供单一的图像，不像我们的故事板。它不邀请参与者命名音乐和其他感官与图像的联系，参与者在结束时也没有得到完整的故事。我们建议在活动发展的同时还有另外四项倡议，以促进我们的主要目标：利益相关者持续参与活动的试验和发展；为有兴趣使用活动的促进者提供定制的培训课程；支持促进者的互动网站；并创建了一个社区利益公司，以确保活动、培训课程和网站是自给自足的。除了上述幸福感测量报告外，更常规的研究成果将是对活动两个部分参与者演讲的语言分析。假设第二部分，群体互动部分的演讲会更流利，更有说服力。与其他以艺术为基础的活动一样，人们的幸福感也有望得到相应的改善。参考文献：Camic，P.(2020)坎特伯雷幸福度量衡。Https://zenodo.org/record/4063768#.YoZjQqjMKUlNICE.英国国家健康与护理卓越研究所。(2018)。痴呆症：对痴呆症患者及其照顾者的评估、管理和支持。Https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng97

项目成果

Inhibitory Control and the production of disfluencies in speakers with Alzheimer's Disease

患有阿尔茨海默病的说话者的抑制控制和不流畅的产生

• DOI: 10.21437/diss.2023-4
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Williams S

Disfluency and Proficiency in Second Language Speech Production

第二语言语音表达的不流利和熟练程度

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12488-4
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Williams S