MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND OPTICAL SIGNS OF EXCITATION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

神经系统兴奋的机械、热和光学迹象

• 批准号: 3944825
• 负责人: I TASAKI
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3944825
• 关键词: afferent nerve; body temperature; central nervous system; dark adaptation; electrical measurement; fresh water environment; heat; microelectrodes; neural facilitation; neural transmission; neurochemistry; newborn animals; retina; spinal cord; stimulus /response; synapses; thermometry; visual photoreceptor

We continued and expanded our investigation of non-electrical signs of excitation processes in the nervous system. Using isolated spinal cord preparations of the bullfrog and newborn rat, we found that afferent nerve impulses arriving at the spinal cord evoke a rapid rise in the temperature of the cord. A thorough examination of the observed temperature rise has indicated that transmission of nerve impulses across the synapses at the terminals of the sensory fibers is accompanied by generation of a considerable amount of heat in the substantia gelatinosa. This discovery of the "thermal response" of the spinal cord has given us a new, useful tool for studying the effects of various chemicals on synaptic transmission. We also examined excitation processes in the bullfrog retina by using our thermal detectors and piezoelectric sensors. We found that the photoreceptors in the dark-adapted retina are capable of releasing thermal energy which is more than one million times as large as the energy of the light pulse used for stimulation. Furthermore, we found it possible to analyze the processes of synaptic transmission in the retina by taking its mechanical responses as an index.

我们继续并扩大了对非电气的调查 神经系统兴奋过程的迹象。 使用 牛蛙和新生大鼠的分离脊髓制剂， 我们发现传入神经冲动到达脊髓 引起电源线温度快速升高。 彻底的 对观察到的温升的检查表明 神经冲动通过突触传递 感觉纤维的末端伴随着 凝胶质中含有大量的热量。 这 脊髓“热反应”的发现 我们提供了一个新的、有用的工具来研究各种因素的影响 化学物质对突触传递的影响。 我们还检查了 通过使用我们的热学方法在牛蛙视网膜中进行激发过程 探测器和压电传感器。 我们发现 暗适应视网膜中的光感受器能够 释放热能100万倍以上 与用于刺激的光脉冲的能量一样大。 此外，我们发现可以分析以下过程： 视网膜中的突触传递通过其机械作用 响应作为索引。