Brain mechanisms of flexible cognitive control

灵活认知控制的大脑机制

• 批准号: MC_UU_00030/15
• 负责人: Alexandra Woolgar
• 金额: $ 267.84万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Intramural
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_UU_00030%2F15
• 关键词: Brain; mechanisms; flexible; cognitive; control

Everything we think and do depends on our ability to pay attention, but how our brains achieve this is poorly understood. In this programme we use advanced brain imaging techniques to study the human brain in action, asking how our brains flexibly direct our neural resources to pay attention and achieve our goals. We test the proposal that the same neural system that drives our ability to pay attention to only the most important aspects of the world, also enables us to flexibly and rapidly shift our attention moment-to-moment as we move through a task or our goals change. The importance of this system can be clearly seen when it is damaged, e.g., by stroke or tumour, often with lifelong disability and corresponding healthcare burden. We develop and use advanced analytics, multi-modal neuroimaging and brain stimulation, to ask how the important parts of the world around us are encoded in this system, and how neural activity develops and changes as it passes between brain regions. In this way, we aim to address one of the most fundamental and enduring mysteries of cognitive neuroscience: how activity in the brain gives rise to thought and behaviour. Then, we cultivate opportunities to apply this knowledge. For example, we explore whether brain imaging can detect lapses of attention and prevent mistakes before they happen in tasks inspired by rail traffic monitoring, and use neuroimaging to study potentially hidden cognitive abilities in autistic individuals who do not speak.

我们所想所做的一切都取决于我们的注意力，但我们的大脑如何做到这一点却知之甚少。在这个项目中，我们使用先进的大脑成像技术来研究人类大脑的活动，询问我们的大脑如何灵活地引导我们的神经资源来集中注意力并实现我们的目标。我们测试了这样一种假设，即驱动我们只关注世界上最重要方面的能力的神经系统，也使我们能够在完成任务或目标改变时灵活快速地转移注意力。这个系统的重要性可以在它被损坏时清楚地看到，例如，中风或肿瘤，往往终身残疾和相应的医疗保健负担。我们开发和使用先进的分析，多模态神经成像和大脑刺激，来询问我们周围世界的重要部分是如何在这个系统中编码的，以及神经活动在大脑区域之间传递时如何发展和变化。通过这种方式，我们的目标是解决认知神经科学中最基本和最持久的谜团之一：大脑中的活动如何产生思想和行为。然后，我们培养应用这些知识的机会。例如，我们探索大脑成像是否可以检测注意力的缺失，并在铁路交通监控任务中防止错误发生，并使用神经成像来研究不说话的自闭症患者潜在的隐藏认知能力。

项目成果

Learning at your brain's rhythm: individualized entrainment boosts learning for perceptual decisions.

按照大脑的节奏学习：个性化的引导可以促进感知决策的学习。

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.89037
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Michael E

Auditory Mismatch Negativity Is Not Independent of Visual Attention in Humans

人类的听觉失配消极性并不独立于视觉注意力

• DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4487676
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Kong Y

Fractionating distraction: how past- and future-relevant distractors influence integrated decisions

分散干扰：过去和未来相关的干扰因素如何影响综合决策

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.07.18.500552
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Barnes L

The time-course of feature-based attention effects dissociated from temporal expectation and target-related processes.

基于特征注意力效应的时间顺序与时间期望和与目标相关的过程分离。

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10687-x
• 发表时间: 2022-04-28
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Moerel, Denise;Grootswagers, Tijl;Robinson, Amanda K.;Shatek, Sophia M.;Woolgar, Alexandra;Carlson, Thomas A.;Rich, Anina N.
• 通讯作者: Rich, Anina N.

How robustly do multivariate EEG patterns track individual-subject lexico-semantic processing of visual stimuli?

• DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2023.2177315
• 发表时间: 2023-03-03
• 期刊: LANGUAGE COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Petit，Selene;Brown，Alyse;Woolgar，Alexandra
• 通讯作者: Woolgar，Alexandra