NUMERICAL AND PHYSICAL MODEL STUDIES OF OLFACTION

嗅觉的数值和物理模型研究

• 批准号: 5209846
• 负责人: PETER SCHERER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/5209846
• 关键词: anatomy; biomechanics; model design /development; olfactions; physical model; respiratory airflow measurement

Research is proposed to use the engineering principles of fluid mechanics and mass transfer to investigate those aspects of olfactory function and dysfunction, in the rat and human nasal cavity, that depend on nasal cavity anatomy, odorant solubility, chemical reaction, air flow, and diffusion. We will construct a 50x enlarged scale model of the rat nasal cavity and establish fluid mechanical similarity between this large model and the real rat nasal cavity by matching the dimensionless Reynolds and Strouhal numbers between the two. We will make velocity measurements inside this model under conditions simulating the rat sniff experiments being conducted in project #2. We will also continue to make velocity profile measurements in our large scale human nasal cavity model as we introduce anatomic variations in it characteristic of various clinical condiitons of olfactory dysfunction suggested by the results obtained in project #1 and in the various other projects. Simultaneously with these measurements in the large scale physical models, we will continue to develop 3-D finite element numerical models of the mass transport aspects of olfaction in the rat and human. The numerical models will be validated by comparing their predictions tot he experimental measurements obtained in the physical models. The numerical models will allow us to investigate all conductive aspects of olfactory dysfunction relatively quickly by changing nasal cavity geometry, mucus depth and chemical composition, and odorant concentration boundary condition at the air-mucus interface. Together, the physical and numerical nasal cavity models constitute a powerful new approach to investigating dysfunction which will interface closely with the other projects in the proposal.

建议利用流体力学的工程原理进行研究 和传质来研究嗅觉功能的这些方面 大鼠和人鼻腔的功能障碍，依赖于鼻腔 解剖学、气味溶解度、化学反应、气流和扩散。 我们将构建一个放大 50 倍的大鼠鼻腔模型， 建立该大型模型与真实模型之间的流体力学相似性 通过匹配无量纲雷诺兹和斯特劳哈尔的大鼠鼻腔 两者之间的数字。 我们将在其中进行速度测量 模拟大鼠嗅探实验条件下的模型 在项目#2中进行。 我们还将继续制作速度剖面图 我们介绍的大型人体鼻腔模型中的测量 不同临床状况的解剖学变异特征 项目 #1 中获得的结果表明嗅觉功能障碍 在其他各种项目中。 与这些测量同时进行 大型物理模型，我们将继续开发3D有限 嗅觉质量传输方面的元素数值模型 老鼠和人类。 数值模型将通过比较它们的 对物理中获得的实验测量的预测 模型。 数值模型将使我们能够研究所有导电性 通过改变鼻腔相对较快地解决嗅觉功能障碍的问题 空腔几何形状、粘液深度和化学成分以及气味剂 空气-粘液界面处的浓度边界条件。 在一起， 物理和数值鼻腔模型构成了强大的新 调查功能障碍的方法，该方法将与 提案中的其他项目。