Predicting the response to plasticity-inducing protocols of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS)

预测对非侵入性脑刺激 (NIBS) 可塑性诱导方案的反应

• 批准号: MR/K01384X/1
• 负责人: John Rothwell
• 金额: $ 49.21万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FK01384X%2F1
• 关键词: Predicting; response; plasticity; inducing; protocols

Over the past 30 years a number of methods have been devised that allow us for the first time to stimulate parts of the brain in healthy, conscious individuals without having to remove part of the scalp or undergo neurosurgery. It is a remarkable advance. Even more strikingly, recent developments have made it possible to interact directly with a process known as "synaptic plasticity" which is fundamental to our ability to learn new things. When we learn anything new, a subtle change is made in the way a small number of neurones connect together in the brain and this new circuit is used to store the memory. The new brain stimulation methods can subtly speed up or slow down this process.The main interest in this method lies in its potential to speed up rehabilitation training after brain injury or disease. For example, after a stroke, the brain has to re-learn how to perform tasks with a damaged set of circuits. Physiotherapy works by giving patients practice in tasks so that their brain can re-learn old skills with a new set of connections. Work has suggested that this process would be speeded up by using the new methods of brain stimulation.Although very attractive, and overall effective, a problem with the methods is that they vary in effectiveness from one individual to another. The result is that in any clinical trial, some participants perform much better than others. The objective of this proposal is to understand more about why this variation arises, and, more importantly, devise simple predictive measures that can be used to check if an individual is likely to respond to a particular protocol, and if not find an appropriate alternative.The work will begin by exploring a number of simple measures that have been reported to predict responses to particular brain plasticity protocols and select the most useful of these after a series of studies in 50 healthy volunteers. We will then test in a group of 25 chronic stroke survivors whether these factors will also predict the clinical response of each patient to a single session of therapy. Finally the project will explore the hypothesis that these differences between people depend on subtle differences in the anatomy of the brain. The pattern of folding of the cerebral cortex varies slightly from the "average" pattern in every individual. In addition, the area of cortex where certain functions are represented also varies within a centimetre or so between individuals. We will use sophisticated computer modelling of the way the external brain stimulation is likely to activate regions in individual brains and show that differences in the regions activated can account for differences in a person's response to each protocol. If correct we can use this information in a subsequent study to change stimulator design so that we can target the "correct" locations in an individual brain and maximise chances of responding to any given protocol.

在过去的30年里，已经设计出了许多方法，使我们能够第一次刺激健康，有意识的个体的大脑部分，而无需切除部分头皮或进行神经外科手术。这是一个了不起的进步。更引人注目的是，最近的发展使直接与一种被称为“突触可塑性”的过程相互作用成为可能，这是我们学习新事物能力的基础。当我们学习任何新东西时，大脑中少数神经元连接在一起的方式会发生微妙的变化，并且这个新回路用于存储记忆。新的脑刺激方法可以巧妙地加快或减缓这一过程。这种方法的主要兴趣在于它有可能加快脑损伤或疾病后的康复训练。例如，中风后，大脑必须重新学习如何用一组受损的电路执行任务。物理疗法的工作原理是让患者在任务中练习，这样他们的大脑就可以用一组新的连接重新学习旧的技能。研究表明，使用新的大脑刺激方法可以加快这一过程。尽管这些方法非常有吸引力，而且总体上有效，但这些方法的一个问题是，它们的有效性因人而异。结果是，在任何临床试验中，一些参与者的表现都比其他人好得多。该提案的目的是更多地了解为什么会出现这种变化，更重要的是，设计简单的预测措施，可用于检查个人是否可能对特定协议作出反应，这项工作将开始，探索一些简单的措施，据报道，这些措施可以预测对特定大脑可塑性协议的反应，并选择最合适的方法。在对50名健康志愿者进行了一系列研究后，然后，我们将在一组25名慢性卒中幸存者中测试这些因素是否也能预测每个患者对单次治疗的临床反应。最后，该项目将探讨一个假设，即人与人之间的这些差异取决于大脑解剖结构的细微差异。大脑皮层的折叠模式与每个个体的“平均”模式略有不同。此外，代表某些功能的皮层区域在个体之间也在一厘米左右的范围内变化。我们将使用复杂的计算机模拟外部脑刺激可能激活个体大脑区域的方式，并表明激活区域的差异可以解释一个人对每个协议的反应差异。如果正确的话，我们可以在随后的研究中使用这些信息来改变刺激器的设计，这样我们就可以瞄准个体大脑中的“正确”位置，并最大限度地提高对任何给定协议做出反应的机会。

项目成果

Controllable Pulse Parameter TMS and TMS-EEG As Novel Approaches to Improve Neural Targeting with rTMS in Human Cerebral Cortex.

• DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00097
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Frontiers in neural circuits
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hannah R;Rocchi L;Tremblay S;Rothwell JC
• 通讯作者: Rothwell JC

Pulse Duration as Well as Current Direction Determines the Specificity of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Motor Cortex during Contraction.

脉冲持续时间以及电流方向决定了收缩过程中运动皮层的经颅磁刺激的特异性。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.09.008
• 发表时间: 2017-01
• 期刊: Brain stimulation
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Hannah R;Rothwell JC
• 通讯作者: Rothwell JC

Effect of coil orientation on strength-duration time constant and I-wave activation with controllable pulse parameter transcranial magnetic stimulation.

线圈方向对强度持续时间常数和I波激活的影响，具有可控的脉冲参数经颅磁刺激。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.017
• 发表时间: 2016-01
• 期刊: Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
• 作者: D'Ostilio K;Goetz SM;Hannah R;Ciocca M;Chieffo R;Chen JA;Peterchev AV;Rothwell JC
• 通讯作者: Rothwell JC

Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II

神经康复临床与工程研究的融合 II

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_60
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Huang H

Evidence for a Window of Enhanced Plasticity in the Human Motor Cortex Following Ischemic Stroke.

• DOI: 10.1177/1545968321992330
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Neurorehabilitation and neural repair
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Hordacre B;Austin D;Brown KE;Graetz L;Pareés I;De Trane S;Vallence AM;Koblar S;Kleinig T;McDonnell MN;Greenwood R;Ridding MC;Rothwell JC
• 通讯作者: Rothwell JC