ENDURANCE TRAINING EFFECTS ON GLUCOSE STORAGE PATHWAYS IN DIABETIC ANIMAL

维持血液中正常稳定的葡萄糖浓度 对身体健康来说是必要的。当一个人不能 不再充分控制血糖水平，它就会上升到 正常范围。糖尿病是美国的一个主要健康问题。 每二十个州中就有一个人(占人口的5%)受到影响。在这些人中 亚利桑那州大量的美洲原住民人口， 糖尿病的发病率甚至更高，是普通人的四到八倍 经常高于全国平均水平。少数族裔学生被选中参加这次活动 项目几乎肯定会有直接的亲身经历 糖尿病。 几项实验室研究表明，耐力锻炼可以改善 个体对血糖水平的调节。生物化学 目前正在调查这种培训效果的原因。一个 重要的因素是身体储存糖原的能力，这可能是 直接或间接在肝脏中造成的。训练过的练习 个体可能能够通过更多的方法控制血糖水平 有效控制糖原储存。这个项目的具体目标是 继续我们的研究，通过使用糖尿病动物模型来确定 直接途径和间接途径的相对贡献 糖原形成、关键酶活性、肌肉葡萄糖含量 转运体，血糖的来源和水平，以及这些 参数受耐力训练的影响。 将参与该项目的少数民族生物医学专业学生 将积极运用生化研究原理和技术。他们 将训练动物并进行生化分析。他们将学会使用 以安全的方式使用诸如紫外可见分光光度计的仪器， 血液分析仪、电泳仪、闪烁计数器和 核磁共振光谱仪，二氧化碳和氧气分析仪，以及色谱设备。 这些学生还将积极参与分析和 解释数据、设计实验和传播 结论通过在会议上的陈述和在 生物医学文献。

The maintenance of a normal steady concentration of glucose in the blood is necessary for good health. The diabetes occurs when a person can no longer adequately control the level of blood sugar, and it rises out of the normal range. Diabetes is a major health problem in the United States, affecting one person in twenty (5% of the population). Among the large population of Native Americans in Arizona, the frequency of diabetes is even more significant, occurring four to eight times more often than the national average. Minority students selected for this project will almost certainly have had a direct personal experiences with diabetes. Several laboratory studies have shown that endurance exercise improves an individual's regulation of blood glucose levels. The biochemical reason for this training effect is currently being investigated. An important factor is the body's ability to store glycogen, which can be made either directly or indirectly in the liver. The exercise trained individual may be capable of controlling blood glucose levels by more efficient control of glycogen storage. The specific aims of this project are to continue our studies by using diabetic animal models to determine the relative contributions of the direct and indirect pathways of glycogen formation, activities of key enzymes, amount of muscles glucose transporters, the sources and levels of blood glucose, and how these parameters are affected by enduring training. The minority biomedical students who will participate in this project will actively use biochemical research principles and techniques. They will train the animals and do biochemical assays. They will learn to use in a safe manner instruments such as a uv-visible spectrophotometer, blood analyzers, electrophoresis apparatus, a scintillation counter, an NMR spectrometer, CO2 and O2 analyzers, and chromatographic equipment. These students will also be actively involved in analyzing and interpreting data, designing experiments and in disseminating the conclusions through presentations at meetings and publications in the biomedical literature.