HoptoStop: Development and feasibility of a novel intervention to promote active ageing and smoking cessation in inactive smokers

吸烟者的身体活动比一般人少，这使他们面临更大的传染病和过早死亡的风险。因此，鼓励吸烟者过上无烟和积极的生活是一个优先事项。在当地社区的药店、超市和全科医生诊所外开展的戒烟服务为吸烟者提供了一个独特的机会，让他们在戒烟之外参加体育活动。一些研究探讨了这一方法。身体活动已被用作戒烟的辅助手段，因为它可以减少吸烟的欲望，帮助减肥和提高信心，这些都是戒烟的常见障碍。目前，我们还不能确定体育活动是否能提高戒烟率，因为很难让人们保持兴趣，并参与改变所需的活动强度。一个为期12周的有监督的剧烈运动计划与戒烟计划结合使用时，促进了长期戒烟率，因此这是可能的。然而，像这样的监督锻炼计划超出了大多数戒烟服务的范围，并且不太可能由个人长期保持。对于吸烟者来说尤其如此，他们认为缺乏时间是保持定期身体活动的常见障碍。高冲击力的身体活动，如跳跃和跳跃，有可能被用作减少吸烟欲望的应对策略，因为它涉及短时间的剧烈活动，以便有足够的恢复时间。它也有可能被用于提高戒烟率，因为它可以在家里进行，很容易融入日常生活，允许更大的机会吸收和维持公共卫生的影响。在不活跃的成年人中，我们发现，在12个月内，短时间定期进行高强度体力活动可以产生超过91%的坚持率。在戒烟服务中实施高影响力的身体活动具有直观的吸引力，因为它可以提供帮助戒烟治疗提高戒烟率的机会。身体健康和肌肉骨骼健康的改善也可以为戒烟提供重要的额外刺激。不过，这是从来没有尝试过的，所以我们不知道这个构思的可行性、接受程度或使用者的意见。如果没有这一关键信息和对潜在障碍的一些了解，就很难继续下去。本项目将调查在当地戒烟服务（Quit 51）中实施高影响力体力活动的可行性和可接受性，并探讨与干预相关的观点和态度，以发展和完善它。我们将首先根据当前和戒烟者的意见制定方法，业务经理（退出51）和公共卫生负责人，其次是通过评估有多少人自愿参加研究，他们是否开展了活动，以及如何有效地提供程序。第三，我们会调查那些自愿参加和没有自愿参加研究的吸烟者的意见，以找出原因，并调查那些自愿参加和没有自愿参加研究的吸烟者的意见，以找出他们喜欢/不喜欢这项活动的地方。最后，我们戒烟顾问会向我们提供他们对这项活动的看法，以及如何在未来的工作中改进这种方法的想法。

Smokers are less physically active than the general population which puts them at greater risk of infectious disease and early death. Encouraging individuals who smoke to lead smoke-free and active lives is therefore a priority. Stop-smoking services operating out of pharmacies, supermarkets and GP surgeries in local neighbourhoods provide a unique opportunity to engage smokers in physical activity in addition to smoking cessation. Some studies have explored this approach. Physical activity has been used as an aid for smoking cessation because it can reduce the desire to smoke, help weight-loss and improve confidence, which are common barriers to smoking cessation. At the moment, we cannot be certain that physical activity improves smoking quit-rates, because it is difficult to keep people interested and involved with the intensity of activity necessary for change. A 12-week supervised vigorous exercise programme has facilitated long-term quit rates when used in combination with a smoking cessation programme so it is possible. However, supervised exercise programmes like this are beyond the scope of most stop-smoking services and are unlikely to be maintained by individuals in the long-term. This is especially true for smokers who cite lack of time as a common barrier to maintaining regular physical activity. High-impact physical activity such as jumping and hopping has the potential to be used as a coping strategy for reducing the desire to smoke because it involves short bouts of intense activity with time for sufficient recovery. It also has the potential to be used for improving quit rates because it can be carried out at home and is easily integrated into every-day routine, allowing for a greater chance of uptake and maintenance for public-health impact. In inactive adults, we have shown that short bouts of regular high impact physical activity produced more than 91% adherence rates over a 12-month period. Implementing high impact physical activity into stop-smoking services has intuitive appeal because it could provide opportunity to assist stop-smoking treatment with improving quit rates. Improvements in physical fitness and musculoskeletal health could also provide an important extra stimulus to stop smoking. However this has never been tried, so we know nothing about the feasibility, acceptability or views of users towards such an idea. Without this crucial information and some knowledge of the potential barriers, it would be difficult to proceed. This project would investigate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing high-impact physical activity into a local stop-smoking service (Quit51) and explore the views and attitudes relevant to the intervention in order to develop and refine it. We would do this by first developing the approach with input from current and ex-smokers, Operations Managers (Quit51) and Public Health Leads and secondly by assessing how many people volunteered for the study, whether they carried out the activity and how effectively procedures were delivered. Thirdly, we would explore the views of smokers who did and who did not volunteer for the study to find out why, and the views of those who did and did not complete the activity to find out what they liked/disliked about it. Finally we smoking-cessation advisors would give us their views on the delivery of the activity and thoughts how such an approach might be improved for future work.