EVOLUTION OF MATING SYSTEMS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：这份ADAHMA RSDA建议书 是K02续订5年的请求。原获资助的K02方案 描述了一项旨在评估内部关系的研究计划 家庭攻击性、冲突和合作到亲属关系不对称(来自 可供选择的生殖策略)以及这些变量与 父母分配策略和后代的分散，变量 调节一个物种的社会行为。这项研究将在实验中进行 操纵几个模式物种的野生生物和实验室种群。 目前的提议分为三个部分：第一部分描述了继续 实验操作，以评估近距离和最终如何 攻击性、父亲的供养和遗传亲子关系在 东部蓝鸟，西莉亚蓝知更鸟。第2部分描述了一项实验测试 一种新的假设将社会一夫一妻制与雌性的多次交配联系起来， 它将首先在三种蓝鸟(Sialia Sp)身上进行测试， 后来又有几只非洞巢的画眉和非洞巢的 画眉。第3部分将通过协作在多个物种中进行测试 研究自由表达的女性选择的进化功能， 具体地说，自由表达女性选择的假设增加 雌性后代的质量和生存能力。 第一部分的具体目的是1)评估男性和男性之间的攻击性 在女性的生育期内，目前的功能是减少 雌性后代将由其领地以外的其他物种繁殖的可能性 搭档。2)雄性守护配偶是对行为的一种临时性反应 雌性的变异或生态环境的变化增加了 雌性与不止一只雄性交配的可能性。3)父亲式的 对雏鸟的供应根据行为的不同而随意变化 有生育能力的雌性。第2部分的具体目标是通过实验 在三种蓝鸟中评价额外配对的关系 父子关系、雌性的多次交配模式和雄性的变异 生殖成功与雌性的内在质量和雌性的质量 女性所处的环境。第3部分的具体目标是评估 自由选择雌性对后代质量和生存能力的影响 在许多物种中。 进一步的研究发展计划包括国家和国际 与具有以下技术技能或知识的科学家合作 特定的物种将促进研究目标的实现。这个 考生的辅导活动不仅针对学生和博士后 生态学、遗传学和动物学的科学家，但特别是本科生 以及女性研究的研究生--这是一个经常有个人参加的团体 对科学的敌意。她鼓励学生和其他人 了解关切问题重叠的重要来源， 进化生物学和女权主义的方法和结果。她会的 继续以各种方式接触妇女和少数族裔学生。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This ADAHMA RSDA proposal is a request for a 5-year K02 renewal. The original funded K02 proposal described a research plan designed to evaluate the relationship of within family aggression, conflict, and cooperation to kinship asymmetries (from alternative reproductive tactics) and the relationship of these variables to parental allocation tactics and dispersal of offspring, variables that mediate social behavior in one species. The research will experimentally manipulate wild-living and laboratory populations of several model species. The current proposal is in three parts: Part 1 describes continuing experimental manipulations to evaluate both proximately and ultimately how aggression, paternal provisioning, and genetic parentage are related in eastern bluebirds, Sialia Sialis. Part 2 describes an experimental test of a new hypothesis that links social monogamy with multiple mating by females, which will be tested initially in three species of bluebirds (Sialia sp), and later several non cavity nesting thrushes and cavity nesting non thrushes. Part 3 will test in multiple species through collaborative research the evolutionary function of freely expressed female choice, specifically the hypothesis that freely expressed female choice increases the quality and viability of females' offspring. The specific aims of Part 1 are 1) to evaluate if male-male aggression during females' fertile periods currently functions to decrease the likelihood that females' broods will be sired by other than her territorial partner. 2) Mate guarding by males is a facultative response to behavioral variation of females or ecological circumstances that increase the likelihood that females mate with more than one male. 3) Paternal provisioning of nestlings varies facultatively as a function of the behavior of fertile females. The specific aims of Part 2 are to experimentally evaluate in three species of bluebirds the relationship of extra pair paternity, patterns of multiple mating by females, and variance in male reproductive success to intrinsic quality of females and the quality of the environments females are in. The specific aims of Part 3 are to evaluate the effects of free female choice on the quality and viability of offspring in a number of species. Further research development plans include national and international collaborations with scientists whose technical skills or knowledge of particular species will enhance the achievement of the research aims. The candidate's mentoring activities focus not only on students and postdoctoral scientists in ecology, genetics, and zoology, but notably on undergraduate and graduate students in Womens' Studies - a group with individuals often antagonistic towards science. She encourages students and others to understand the significant and important sources of overlap in concerns, methods, and outcomes of evolutionary biology and feminism. She will continue her outreach to women and minority students in a variety of ways.