CEREBRAL STRUCTURAL AND METABOLIC CORRELATES OF AGGRESSIVE OR ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR

攻击性或成瘾行为的大脑结构和代谢相关性

• 批准号: 6288634
• 负责人: Daniel W Hommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6288634
• 关键词: aggression; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; brain metabolism; cerebrospinal fluid; clinical research; frontal lobe /cortex; gender difference; glucose metabolism; head /neck injury; human subject; hydroxyindoleacetate; impulsive behavior; magnetic resonance imaging; positron emission tomography; temporal lobe /cortex; violence

This research is designed to determine neuroanatomical and neurochemical correlates of addictive and aggressive/impulsive behavior in human subjects. The principal focus of these studies is the measurement and correlation of regional cerebral glucose metabolic activity, using positron emission tomography (PET), brain volumes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid metabolites, and measures of impulsive/aggressive behavior and excessive alcohol consumption. We collected full, volumetric T-1 weighted MR images using a 1.5 T scanner to measure intra-cranial volumes in 68 alcoholics (38 males and 30 females) and 38 healthy, non-alcoholic comparison subjects (19 males and 19 females). An automated segmentation program was used to divide the intra-cranial contents into CSF, gray and white matter (Human Brain Mapping, 5:194-205, 1997). We also measured the cross sectional area of the corpus callosum. Since women have significantly smaller intra-cranial volumes than men, the genders were analyzed separately. Women alcoholics showed significant reductions in cerebral gray and white matter volumes compared to healthy non-alcoholic women, as well as significant increases in ventricular and sulcal CSF. Neither gray matter volume nor corpus callosum area differed significantly between alcoholic and non-alcoholic men. However, alcoholic men did have significantly more sulcal CSF than non-alcoholic men. Women appear to be more susceptible to alcoholism associated brain damage than men. In contrast to the significant reductions in cerebral volume of alcoholics compared to controls we have found no significant difference in the cerebellar volume of the two groups. - neurosciences, imaging, PET, MRI - Human Subjects

本研究旨在确定人类受试者成瘾和攻击/冲动行为的神经解剖学和神经化学相关性。这些研究的主要重点是使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）测量局部脑葡萄糖代谢活动、使用磁共振成像（MRI）测量脑容量、脑脊液代谢物以及冲动/攻击行为和过度饮酒的测量和相关性。我们收集了完整的，体积的T-1加权磁共振图像，使用1.5 T扫描仪测量颅内体积在68个酗酒者（38名男性和30名女性）和38个健康，非酒精对照组（19名男性和19名女性）。使用自动分割程序将颅内内容物分为CSF、灰质和白色物质（Human Brain Mapping，5：194-205，1997）。我们还测量了胼胝体的横截面积。由于女性的颅内体积明显小于男性，因此对性别进行了单独分析。与健康的非酒精性女性相比，女性酒精性患者的大脑灰质和白色物质体积显著减少，脑室和脑沟CSF显著增加。无论是灰质体积还是胼胝体面积在酗酒和不酗酒的男性之间都没有显着差异。然而，酗酒的男性确实比不酗酒的男性有更多的沟CSF。女性似乎比男性更容易受到酒精中毒相关的脑损伤。与对照组相比，酗酒者的大脑体积显着减少，我们发现两组的小脑体积没有显着差异。- 神经科学、成像、PET、MRI -人类受试者