Material Memories: Archaeology, Heritage and Human Rights Violations in South America

在二十世纪下半叶，整个南方的国家都遭受了军事政权的折磨，这些政权实行肉体和心理上的酷刑、审查、强迫“失踪”和谋杀。这些行为留下了严重的社会和文化创伤，学者们现在才开始理解。《物质记忆》讲述了威权政权后发生的复杂而高度敏感的人与物之间的纠葛，以及它们在和解进程中的作用。对过去侵犯人权行为的批判性研究需要一个强有力和多方面的理论和方法框架，因为这些人权行为的物质、社会和政治现实已紧密地编织到现在的结构中，并将继续塑造未来。该项目以巴拉圭前秘密拘留中心改造成博物馆的Museo de las Memorias博物馆为例，涉及考古学、重要遗产研究、历史学、人类学和记忆研究，该项目建议多学科参与暴力的物质遗产，作为一种创造未来的做法，可以积极推动和解进程，在巴拉圭、南美洲和更广泛的世界发展更和平和包容的社会。

During the second part of the twentieth century, nations across South were subjected to military regimes that exercised physical and psychological torture, censorship, forced "disappearances" and murder. Those actions left heavy social and cultural scars that scholars are only now beginning to comprehend. Material Memories addresses the complex and highly sensitive human-object entanglements that occur in the aftermath of authoritarian regimes, and their role in processes of reconciliation. A critical study of past human rights abuses, whose material, social and political realities have been tightly woven into the fabric of the present and keep shaping the future, requires a robust and multifaceted theoretical and methodological framework. Using the Museo de las Memorias - a former secret detention centre turned museum - in Paraguay as a case study and cutting across archaeology, critical heritage studies, history, anthropology, and memory studies, this project proposes a multi-disciplinary engagement with the material legacies of violence as a future-making practice that can actively drive reconciliation processes and the development of more peaceful and inclusive societies in Paraguay, South America and the wider world.