Contaminants of emerging concern in agricultural systems: a risk to soil and plant health?

农业系统中新出现的污染物：对土壤和植物健康的风险？

• 批准号: MR/S032126/1
• 负责人: Laura Carter
• 金额: $ 155.96万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS032126%2F1
• 关键词: Contaminants; emerging; concern; agricultural; systems

In order to sustainably secure global food for a growing population, it is critical that crop dependence on chemical-based fertilisers (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is reduced and alternative water supplies identified which address water scarcity issues. Agriculture is the largest consumer of available freshwater (70%) with demand expected to increase by a further 19% by 2050. The depletion of global phosphorus and potassium reserves within 100 years also pose major threats to future fertiliser supply and our ability to grow enough food.One of the most promising options to secure future agricultural productivity is the use of wastewater treatment by-products, including sludges and Treated Wastewater (TWW). However, chemicals used in our everyday lives, including pharmaceuticals (e.g. prescription and non-prescription), personal care products (e.g. soaps, disinfectants) and fibres (e.g. plastics) can pass through wastewater treatment plants and contaminate the TWW and sludges. These pollutants are referred to collectively as "contaminants of Emerging Concern" (ECs). Our ability to boost yields and nutritional content of food to meet future demand may be impacted by the presence of ECs in soil-plant systems.Pharmaceuticals, in particular, are biologically active chemicals and their presence in agricultural systems could result in undesired toxic effects for plant, soil and human health. Pharmaceuticals are now ubiquitous global contaminants; however, our scientific understanding of potential ecosystem risks posed by these pollutants is scarce, especially in agricultural systems. Research has established that plants can accumulate pharmaceuticals that persist in soils, but we know very little about impacts of >1,500 pharmaceuticals estimated to be in current use on plant and soil health and ultimately crop productivity. The proposed programme of research for the first phase of the Fellowship aims to fill these knowledge gaps by uniting scientific expertise to explore the:1. Impact of pharmaceuticals associated with sludges and TWW on soil functioning in relation to maintaining sustainable agricultural production2. Accumulation and effects of pharmaceuticals on plant health and implications for crop productivity3. Assessment of the risks in the future (20-100 years) accounting for changes in land use, climate and associated changes in application rates of sludges and TWWThe second phase of the Fellowship will use the science platform created during the first phase to investigate the impact of a wider range of ECs that have the potential limit agricultural productivity such as nanomaterials and plastics as well as exploring solutions to mitigate against observed effects. Application of wastewater by-products to land is an accepted practice in a number of countries where populations have a relatively high use of pharmaceuticals (e.g Israel, Southern Europe, Southwest US). Pharmaceuticals have been identified in soils receiving sludges and TWW, and coupled with a recent drive to increase the use of TWW for agricultural irrigation in countries experiencing water shortages, there is an urgent need to establish the global risks of these chemicals in our agricultural systems. Whilst the UK does not currently use TWW for agricultural irrigation, the Environment Agency has suggested there will be significant water supply deficits in the UK by the 2050s. TWW may therefore offer a means of supplementing our demand for freshwater irrigation; however, this solution must be evaluated to ensure environmentally safe protocols are established which promote agricultural sustainability. Outputs of this research will also provide effective evidence for use by non-academic end users (e.g. environmental regulators, water industry, agricultural sector), guiding post-Brexit TWW reuse policies to ensure the UK maintains a world-leading position on mitigating risks of ECs in the environment whilst maximising sustainable reuse.

为了可持续地为不断增长的人口提供全球粮食，减少作物对化学肥料（如氮、磷、钾）的依赖，并确定解决水资源短缺问题的替代供水至关重要。农业是可用淡水的最大消费者（70%），预计到2050年需求将进一步增加19%。100年内全球磷和钾储量的耗尽也对未来的肥料供应和我们种植足够粮食的能力构成重大威胁。确保未来农业生产力的最有希望的选择之一是使用废水处理副产品，包括污泥和废水处理（TWW）。然而，我们日常生活中使用的化学品，包括药物（如处方药和非处方药），个人护理产品（如肥皂，消毒剂）和纤维（如塑料），可以通过污水处理厂和污染TWW和污泥。这些污染物被统称为“新出现的关注污染物”（EC）。我们提高粮食产量和营养含量以满足未来需求的能力可能会受到土壤-植物系统中EC存在的影响。特别是药物，它们是具有生物活性的化学品，它们在农业系统中的存在可能会对植物，土壤和人类健康产生不良的毒性作用。药物现在是无处不在的全球污染物;然而，我们对这些污染物造成的潜在生态系统风险的科学了解很少，特别是在农业系统中。研究表明，植物可以积累持续存在于土壤中的药物，但我们对目前估计使用的超过1,500种药物对植物和土壤健康以及最终作物生产力的影响知之甚少。该研究金第一阶段的拟议研究方案旨在通过联合科学专门知识来填补这些知识空白，以探索：1.与污泥和TWW相关的药物对维持可持续农业生产的土壤功能的影响2。药物对植物健康的积累和影响以及对作物生产力的影响3。对未来风险的评估（20-100年）考虑到土地使用的变化，该研究金的第二阶段将利用第一阶段创建的科学平台，调查可能限制农业生产力的更广泛的EC的影响，如纳米材料和塑料，并探索缓解的解决方案。对比观察到的效果。将废水副产品应用于土地是一些人口使用药物相对较高的国家（例如以色列，南欧，美国西南部）的公认做法。在接受污泥和TWW的土壤中已经发现了药物，再加上最近在缺水国家增加使用TWW进行农业灌溉的努力，迫切需要确定这些化学品在我们农业系统中的全球风险。虽然英国目前没有将TWW用于农业灌溉，但环境局表示，到2050年代，英国将出现严重的供水短缺。因此，TWW可以提供一种补充我们对淡水灌溉需求的方法;但是，必须对这种解决方案进行评估，以确保建立环境安全的协议，促进农业的可持续性。这项研究的成果还将为非学术最终用户（例如环境监管机构，水务行业，农业部门）提供有效的证据，指导英国脱欧后的TWW再利用政策，以确保英国在减轻环境中EC风险方面保持世界领先地位，同时最大限度地实现可持续再利用。

项目成果

Assessing the influence of pig slurry pH on the degradation of selected antibiotic compounds.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133191
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Chemosphere
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: J. Nightingale;L. Carter;C. Sinclair;Phil Rooney;M. Dickinson;J. Tarbin;P. Kay

Predicting the Accumulation of Ionizable Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Aquatic and Terrestrial Organisms.

预测水生和陆生生物中可电离药物和个人护理产品的积累。

• DOI: 10.1002/etc.5451
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Environmental toxicology and chemistry
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Carter LJ

A framework to assess the terrestrial risk of antibiotic resistance from antibiotics in slurry or manure amended soils

• DOI: 10.1039/d2va00306f
• 发表时间: 2023-05-09
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ADVANCES
• 作者: Elder，Felicity C. T.;O'Neill，Alex J.;Carter，Laura J.
• 通讯作者: Carter，Laura J.

Influence of manure application method on veterinary medicine losses to water.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117361
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: Journal of environmental management
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: J. Nightingale;L. Carter;C. Sinclair;Phil Rooney;P. Kay

Emerging challenges of the impacts of pharmaceuticals on aquatic ecosystems: A diatom perspective.

药物对水生生态系统影响的新挑战：硅藻视角。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162939
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Kock A