Understanding interactions between lifestyle and deprivation to support policy and intervention development.
了解生活方式与贫困之间的相互作用,以支持政策和干预措施的制定。
基本信息
- 批准号:MR/T001585/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50.7万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Fellowship
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2020 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Background:An unhealthy lifestyle is one of the main risks for chronic disease and death. An unhealthy lifestyle can be defined by a number of single lifestyle factors such as smoking, high alcohol intake, or low levels of physical activity. However, the risks posed by having combinations of more than one unhealthy lifestyle factor (e.g. low physical activity and high alcohol intake) is rarely studied and is poorly understood in terms of risk of death or developing a chronic disease. This is particularly the case for combinations of lifestyle factors that include so called 'newer' lifestyle factors (e.g. sleep duration or TV viewing time). People who live in more deprived communities have the highest rates of death and chronic disease. This is not only due to unhealthy lifestyles being more common in these populations, but is also due to an increased vulnerability to the effects of unhealthy lifestyles. This means that unhealthy lifestyles have a worse effect on more deprived populations (resulting in more deaths) than is the case for more affluent populations with similarly unhealthy lifestyles.Our understanding of how different combinations of lifestyle factors, including more recently recognised factors such as sleep duration, affect health is limited because so far research has focussed on single and well-known lifestyle factors like smoking. Furthermore, current health policies and support to reduce lifestyle risks consider the risk to all individuals as equal. However, the greater vulnerability to unhealthy lifestyles in more deprived populations means that strategies and support could be tailored to help those at greatest risk. Understanding these risks, and the impact on people in deprived communities, forms the basis of this Fellowship.Aims:1) To gather and examine the published evidence regarding the effects that unhealthy lifestyle factor combinations, including newer lifestyle factors such as sleep duration and TV watching time, have on health and whether the effects vary by socioeconomic status.2) To perform a detailed statistical analysis of two large existing research datasets to determine the risks associated with combinations of established and new unhealthy lifestyle factors in both affluent and deprived populations. (Two datasets will be used to compare and contrast the findings in different populations and therefore increase our confidence in any consistent findings)3) To share the results obtained from addressing aims 1) and 2), with people living in deprived areas and with professionals involved in promoting healthy living; to explore their views of the results and on how best to incorporate the new evidence on lifestyle and combinations of risk factors into policies and interventions to improve health for individuals and communities. This PhD will take place in the University of Glasgow and in collaboration with a team from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The work will involve: i) a systematic review of the existing research evidence; ii) new and advanced statistical analysis of two large and comprehensive population datasets (one from UK and the other from Norway); and iii) detailed exploration of the views of members of the public, health professionals and policymakers who could make use of the new evidence generated by this PhD. Deliverables and Benefits from the Planned Programme of Research: Improved understanding of which combinations of lifestyle factors pose the greatest risks, particularly to deprived populations, would allow policy makers, health professionals and individuals to prioritise or target particularly harmful combinations. The work undertaken in this PhD will provide evidence to inform future policies, research and design of interventions to promote healthy lifestyles in more deprived populations. This work therefore has the potential to help reduce health inequalities that are strongly linked to unhealthy lifestyle factors.
背景:不健康的生活方式是慢性病和死亡的主要风险之一。不健康的生活方式可以由许多单一的生活方式因素来定义,如吸烟,高酒精摄入或低水平的体育活动。然而,人们很少研究一种以上不健康生活方式因素(例如,低体力活动和高酒精摄入量)组合所带来的风险,并且在死亡或患慢性疾病的风险方面也知之甚少。对于包括所谓的“较新”生活方式因素(例如,睡眠持续时间或看电视时间)的生活方式因素的组合,情况尤其如此。生活在更贫困社区的人死亡率和慢性病发病率最高。这不仅是由于不健康的生活方式在这些人群中更为常见,而且还由于更容易受到不健康生活方式影响的影响。这意味着不健康的生活方式对贫困人口的影响(导致更多的死亡)比生活方式相似的富裕人群更严重。我们对生活方式因素的不同组合如何影响健康的理解是有限的,包括最近认识到的因素,如睡眠时间,因为迄今为止的研究集中在单一和众所周知的生活方式因素,如吸烟。此外,目前的健康政策和减少生活方式风险的支持认为所有人的风险都是平等的。然而,更贫困的人口更容易受到不健康生活方式的影响,这意味着可以针对性地制定战略和提供支持,以帮助那些风险最大的人。了解这些风险,以及对贫困社区的影响,构成了本奖学金的基础。目的:1)收集和检查有关不健康生活方式因素组合(包括睡眠时间和看电视时间等新的生活方式因素)对健康影响的已发表证据,以及这些影响是否因社会经济状况而异。2)对两个大型现有研究数据集进行详细的统计分析,以确定富裕和贫困人群中既有和新的不健康生活方式因素组合的风险。(Two数据集将用于比较和对比不同人群的调查结果,从而增加我们对任何一致调查结果的信心)3)与生活在贫困地区的人们和参与促进健康生活的专业人员分享通过实现目标1)和2)获得的结果;探讨他们对结果的看法,以及如何最好地将生活方式和风险因素组合的新证据纳入改善个人健康的政策和干预措施,社区.该博士学位将在格拉斯哥大学与挪威科技大学的一个团队合作进行。这项工作将涉及:i)对现有研究证据的系统性审查; ii)对两个大型综合人口数据集(一个来自英国,另一个来自挪威)的新的和先进的统计分析; iii)详细探索公众,卫生专业人员和政策制定者的意见,他们可以利用这个博士产生的新证据。计划研究方案的优点和益处:更好地了解生活方式因素的哪些组合构成最大风险,特别是对贫困人口,将使政策制定者,卫生专业人员和个人能够优先考虑或针对特别有害的组合。在这个博士学位进行的工作将提供证据,为未来的政策,研究和干预措施的设计提供信息,以促进更多贫困人口的健康生活方式。因此,这项工作有可能帮助减少与不健康的生活方式因素密切相关的健康不平等。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
A systematic review of the nutritional status of adults experiencing homelessness
对无家可归的成年人的营养状况进行系统评价
- DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2022.04.013
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:Huang C
- 通讯作者:Huang C
Understanding the influence of socioeconomic status on the association between combinations of lifestyle factors and adverse health outcomes: a systematic review protocol.
- DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042212
- 发表时间:2021-05-27
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:Foster H;Polz P;Mair F;Gill J;O'Donnell CA
- 通讯作者:O'Donnell CA
Family history of diabetes and risk of SARS-COV-2 in UK Biobank: A prospective cohort study.
- DOI:10.1002/edm2.283
- 发表时间:2021-10
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Jani BD;Nicholl BI;Hanlon P;Mair FS;Gill JM;Gray SR;Celis-Morales CA;Ho FK;Lyall DM;Anderson JJ;Hastie CE;Bailey ME;Foster H;Pell JP;Welsh P;Sattar N
- 通讯作者:Sattar N
Chronic pain and COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality: a UK Biobank cohort study.
- DOI:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002663
- 发表时间:2023-01-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:7.4
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
The influence of socioeconomic status on the association between unhealthy lifestyle factors and adverse health outcomes: a systematic review
社会经济地位对不健康生活方式因素与不良健康结果之间关系的影响:系统评价
- DOI:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18708.1
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Foster H
- 通讯作者:Foster H
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