Diet, biomarkers and non-communicable diseases in rural and urban China: federated analysis of population-based studies

中国农村和城市的饮食、生物标志物和非传染性疾病：基于人群研究的联合分析

• 批准号: MR/T008547/1
• 负责人: Huaidong Du
• 金额: $ 4.08万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT008547%2F1
• 关键词: Diet; biomarkers; non; communicable; diseases

Diet (i.e. intake of specific foods, nutrients, and overall dietary patterns) plays an important role in the development and progression of NCDs, which is the leading cause of early death and disability. However, the majority of the previous studies were conducted in high-income Western countries, with limited information available from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as China, where nearly three-quarters of NCDs occur. This lack of robust information makes it difficult to formulate evidence-based dietary guidelines for NCD prevention in these countries. More importantly, associations observed only in a specific population (or few similar populations) may not be the true effect of diet, but due to the impact of other factors which are closely related to dietary habits, e.g. socio-demographic factors or other lifestyle factors (e.g. physical activity). Therefore, studying the association between diet and NCDs in LMICs has become very important because populations in these countries, compared to those living in Western countries, have very distinct dietary and disease patterns and the correlations between dietary factors and socio-demographic factors are also very different. Moreover, the exact biological mechanisms through which diet exert its effect on NCD incidence and progression is largely unknown. A better understanding of such mechanisms will greatly enhance our capacity to effectively prevent and treat these diseases. In this proposal, we plan to bring together several large population based studies which in total involves > 1 million Chinese adults for whom information on dietary habits, biomarkers which are closely related to metabolism status of the body, and incidence of NCDs is available, together with long-term stored bio-samples. Joint analyses of existing as well as newly generated omics (i.e. MS-Metabolomics and Metagenomics) data will be performed in order to have a comprehensive robust assessment of diet and NCD association as well as potential underlying mechanisms.

饮食（即特定食物、营养素和总体饮食模式的摄入）在非传染性疾病的发生和发展中起着重要作用，而非传染性疾病是导致早期死亡和残疾的主要原因。然而，以前的大多数研究都是在高收入的西方国家进行的，从低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）获得的信息有限，例如中国，近四分之三的非传染性疾病发生在中国。由于缺乏可靠的信息，很难在这些国家制定预防非传染性疾病的循证饮食指南。更重要的是，仅在特定人群（或少数类似人群）中观察到的相关性可能不是饮食的真正影响，而是由于与饮食习惯密切相关的其他因素的影响，例如社会人口因素或其他生活方式因素（例如体力活动）。因此，研究低收入国家的饮食与非传染性疾病之间的关系变得非常重要，因为与西方国家的人口相比，这些国家的人口具有非常独特的饮食和疾病模式，饮食因素与社会人口因素之间的相关性也非常不同。此外，饮食对NCD发病率和进展产生影响的确切生物学机制在很大程度上是未知的。更好地了解这些机制将大大提高我们有效预防和治疗这些疾病的能力。在本提案中，我们计划将几项基于大型人群的研究结合在一起，这些研究共涉及100多万中国成年人，这些成年人的饮食习惯、与身体代谢状态密切相关的生物标志物和非传染性疾病的发病率信息以及长期储存的生物样本。将对现有和新生成的组学（即MS代谢组学和宏基因组学）数据进行联合分析，以便对饮食和NCD的关联以及潜在的潜在机制进行全面可靠的评估。