PROTECTION BY CAROTENOIDS AGAINST MACULAR DEGENERATION

类胡萝卜素预防黄斑变性

• 批准号: 6271662
• 负责人: JOHN T LANDRUM
• 金额: $ 11.53万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-01-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6271662
• 关键词: aging; carotenoids; cellular pathology; high performance liquid chromatography; human tissue; macular degeneration; stereochemistry; stereoisomer; visual pigments

The long-term objectives of this study are to determine whether the macular pigments play a role in the etiology of human retinopathies, particularly those involving the macula. In several studies, it has been proposed that the pigments serve to protect the macula from photochemical damage. On theoretical grounds, this is certainly feasible, and there exists circumstantial evidence which supports this hypothesis. The specific aims of this work are to compare the amount and composition of the macular pigments in donor eyes with and without age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Whether long-term exposure to excessive light is a risk factor for AMD is still unresolved; some studies have noted correlation. AMD affects the macular photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and Bruch's membrane. The macular pigments screen these tissues from the more damaging blue wavelengths, absorbing 20 to 80% of the light incident on the retina, depending on the amount of pigmentation. A person with very little macular pigment might therefore be at greater risk of developing AMD. Some preliminary data from our lab indicate that this may be the case and an extended, carefully controlled study is warranted. The carotenoids of which the macular pigments are composed will be extracted from different retinal locations in individual normal and age- matched AMD-afflicted donor eyes. They will be quantitatively analyzed at the individual stereoisomer level, using reversed- and normal-phase HPLC so that the amount, constitution and distribution of the pigments may be compared. Detailed ophthalmologists' reports will be of utmost importance and will, to the extent available, be obtained for each donor. A person diagnosed simply with AMD might have anything from a new drusen to neovascularization. Any correlation between prevalence of AMD and amount of macular pigmentation would raise immediate concerns about diet, the source of carotenoids in humans, and carotenoid metabolism and reactions, particularly in the eye. It would also raise another issue: Is low macular pigmentation a contributing factor in AMD or a result of the condition? Useful information will be obtained by similarly analyzing the carotenoids obtained from the donors' blood plasma and comparing them with those in the retina. A correlation between the amount of carotenoids in the retina and plasma carotenoid concentration in both normal and AMD donors might lend further support to the protection hypothesis.

本研究的长期目标是确定是否 黄斑色素在人类视网膜病变的病因学中发挥作用， 特别是那些涉及黄斑的。 在多项研究中，已 提出颜料可以保护黄斑免受光化学的影响 损害。 从理论上讲，这当然是可行的，而且 存在支持这一假设的间接证据。 这 这项工作的具体目的是比较 有或没有年龄相关性黄斑的供体眼睛中的黄斑色素 变性（AMD）。 长期暴露在强光下是否会导致 AMD 的危险因素仍未解决；一些研究指出 相关性。 AMD 影响黄斑感光器、视网膜色素 上皮细胞和布鲁赫膜。 黄斑色素会筛选这些 组织免受更具破坏性的蓝色波长的影响，吸收 20% 至 80% 入射到视网膜上的光线，取决于色素沉着的量。 因此，黄斑色素很少的人可能会处于更大的水平 发生 AMD 的风险。 我们实验室的一些初步数据表明 情况可能是这样，一项扩展的、仔细对照的研究正在进行中 保证。 组成黄斑色素的类胡萝卜素是 从个体正常和年龄的不同视网膜位置提取 与患有 AMD 的捐赠者眼睛相匹配。 将对它们进行定量分析 使用反相和正相 HPLC 测定单个立体异构体水平 以便颜料的量、组成和分布可以 比较的。 详细的眼科医生报告至关重要 并将在可能的情况下为每位捐助者获取。 一个人 简单地诊断为 AMD 可能会出现从新的玻璃膜疣到 新血管形成。 AMD 患病率与数量之间存在任何相关性 黄斑色素沉着会立即引起人们对饮食的担忧 人类类胡萝卜素的来源，以及类胡萝卜素的代谢和反应， 尤其是眼睛。 它还会引发另一个问题：低 黄斑色素沉着是 AMD 的一个促成因素或结果 健康）状况？ 通过类似的分析可以获得有用的信息 从捐献者血浆中提取的类胡萝卜素，并将其与 那些在视网膜上的。 类胡萝卜素含量之间的相关性 正常和 AMD 患者的视网膜和血浆类胡萝卜素浓度 捐助者可能会进一步支持保护假设。