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Making Numbers Meaningful

让数字变得有意义

基本信息

批准号：
MR/T040505/1
负责人：
Bodo Winter
金额：
$ 110.37万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT040505%2F1
关键词：
Making Numbers Meaningful

项目摘要

Much of our everyday activity depends on our ability to comprehend and make decisions based on numerical information. However, many people struggle with innumeracy, the numerical equivalent to illiteracy. A 2014 report for the National Numeracy charity has estimated the cost of low numeracy in the UK to be £20 billion per year. The proposed project shifts the burden of innumeracy from the consumer of numerical information to the communicator, recognising the importance of the external presentation of numerical information in language and graphs, and how particular communicative strategies can be unintelligible, biasing, or outright distorting the truth.The project's starting point is that in order to combat innumeracy, we first need to understand what it is that people actually do with numerical communication on a daily basis. For this project, I will assemble an interdisciplinary team of researchers to conduct the so-far largest investigation into numerical communication across multiple communication channels and multiple forms of media. The proposed project innovates by marrying existing research in psychology, education research, and statistics, with methods and insights from linguistics and computer science, thus transforming the study of numerical communication into a thoroughly interdisciplinary endeavour.The project takes the insights generated from the large-scale descriptive analysis of naturally occurring language back into the lab, so that experiments into the most effective and transparent communication strategies can be modelled closely after numerical communication "in the wild", thus bridging laboratory conditions with natural conditions. These experimental investigations into the cognitive effects of particular presentational formats will be used to develop automated ways of classifying the numerical accessibility of documents.The research will make significant academic impact by showing how numerical communication depends on multiple communication systems that interact with each other and therefore need to be studied in an integrated fashion. The project will also impact several different academic fields by innovating methodologies via the use of machine learning tools to automatically extract numerical information from language and graphs.The proposed research has wide-ranging benefits to non-academic stakeholders. This impact will be realised by working closely together with data analysts from commercial businesses on innovative ways of making pressing societal issues (such as climate risks or health risks) more accessible to people with low numeracy. In addition, the project aims to improve the training of data analysts so that more attention is paid to matters of transparent communication. The long-term goal is to establish a lasting legacy of data analytics training that leads to improvements in how numerical information is communicated across a large range of data-dependent business sectors.

我们的日常活动很大程度上取决于我们基于数字信息的理解和决策能力。然而，许多人都在与数学盲作斗争，这一数字相当于文盲。2014年国家计算能力慈善机构的一份报告估计，英国计算能力低下的成本每年高达200亿英镑。该项目将计算盲的负担从数字信息的消费者转移到传播者，认识到数字信息在语言和图表中的外部呈现的重要性，以及特定的交流策略如何难以理解、有偏见或完全扭曲事实。这个项目的出发点是，为了对抗数学盲，我们首先需要了解人们在日常生活中实际上是如何使用数字交流的。在这个项目中，我将组建一个跨学科的研究团队，对数字传播进行迄今为止最大规模的跨多传播渠道、多媒介形式的调查。拟议中的项目将心理学、教育研究和统计学的现有研究与语言学和计算机科学的方法和见解结合起来，从而将数字通信的研究转变为一个彻底的跨学科努力。该项目将对自然发生的语言进行大规模描述性分析所产生的见解带回实验室，因此实验中最有效和透明的沟通策略可以在“野外”的数字交流中紧密模拟，从而将实验室条件与自然条件联系起来。这些对特定表示格式的认知效果的实验研究将用于开发对文档的数字可及性进行分类的自动化方法。该研究将通过展示数字通信如何依赖于相互作用的多个通信系统，因此需要以综合方式进行研究，从而产生重大的学术影响。该项目还将通过创新方法，通过使用机器学习工具从语言和图形中自动提取数字信息，从而影响几个不同的学术领域。拟议的研究对非学术利益相关者有广泛的好处。这种影响将通过与商业企业的数据分析师密切合作，以创新的方式使计算能力差的人更容易了解紧迫的社会问题（如气候风险或健康风险）来实现。此外，该项目旨在改进对数据分析人员的培训，以便更多地关注透明通信问题。长期目标是建立持久的数据分析培训遗产，从而改善数字信息在大范围依赖数据的业务部门之间的沟通方式。