GENETIC BASIS OF SPECIES DIFFERENCES IN DROSOPHILA

该项目的长期目标是了解 通过对近缘物种的遗传分析进行物种形成。我们会 使用经典的遗传方法来揭示数字、位置和影响 导致果蝇物种间交配歧视的基因 角质层碳氢化合物产生种间差异的基因， 它们充当雌性铺垫信息素。将这些技术应用于 各种果蝇群体将帮助我们回答以下问题： 1.交配歧视和角质层碳氢化合物是否存在差异 近亲物种由于只有一个或几个影响较大的基因， 或者是几对多的基因涉及。 2.导致这些生殖形式的基因座在基因组的什么位置 隔离？它们是否位于不同物种之间的相似区域 成对的群体，意味着物种形成的遗传“热点”？ 3.男性和女性之间的性隔离是否具有相似的基因 还是两性之间存在不同的基因？ 4.性隔离的遗传学是否有一致的模式 信息素碳氢化合物适用于几个组？ 5.涉及交配歧视的基因是否集中在 性染色体，1那些导致杂交不育和不育的染色体 6.角质层碳氢化合物在两性隔离中起什么作用 物种？ 尽管性隔离是物种形成的最有力的原因之一， 我们几乎不知道它的遗传基础。这些研究将 提供对了解起源和物种以及在 激发了物种形成的新理论。的精细结构映射 导致生殖隔离的基因最终会促进他们的 分子鉴定，这需要完全理解 物种形成。我们的结果可能与理解原始的 其他动物中的物种，包括人类。

The long-term goal of this project is to understand the process of speciation through genetic analysis of closely-related species. We will use classical genetic methods to reveal the number locations, and effects of genes causing mating discrimination between Drosophila species as of genes producing interspecific differences in cuticular hydrocarbons, which serve as female matting pheromone. Applying such techniques to a variety of Drosophila groups will help us answer the following questions: 1. Are mating discrimination and cuticular-hydrocarbon differences among closely-related species due to only one or a few genes of large effect, or are several to many genes involves. 2. Where in the genome are the loci causing these forms of reproductive isolation? Are they located in similar regions among different species pairs of a group, implying genetic "hotspots" of speciation? 3. Dose sexual isolation among males and females have a similar genetic basis, or are different genes involved in the two sexes? 4. Are there consistent patterns to the genetics of sexual isolation and pheromonal hydrocarbon that apply across several groups?. 5. Are the genes involved in mating discrimination concentrated on the sex chromosomes, 1 those causing hybrid sterility and inviability 6. What role cuticular hydrocarbons play in sexual isolation between species? Although sexual isolation is one of the most potent causes of speciation, we know virtually not about its genetic basis. These studies will provide data important for understanding the origin and species and in motivating new theories of speciation. The fine-structure mapping of genes cause reproductive isolation will eventually facilitate their molecular identification, which is required a complete understanding of speciation. Our results may be relevant to understanding the original species in other animals, including humans.