ANATOMICAL BASIS OF MEMORY

记忆的解剖学基础

• 批准号: 6219159
• 负责人: ANTONIO R DAMASIO
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-07-01 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6219159
• 关键词: amygdala; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral degeneration; cerebral ischemia /hypoxia; clinical research; cognition; form /pattern perception; hippocampus; human subject; learning disorders; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychology; occipital lobe /cortex; sensorimotor system; temporal lobe /cortex; visual cortex; visual stimulus

Drawing on a theory of the neural architecture and operation underlying memory developed during the current funding period, we plan to study patients with a broad range of disorders of learning and memory, especially those with memory impairments circumscribed to a sensory modality or to a domain of knowledge. The goal is to parcellate the neural substrates of what is traditionally known as semantic (generic) and episodic memory, by studying neural systems underlying recall and recognition for varied knowledge domains and for different levels of taxonomic complexity. We aim at testing a number of hypotheses derived from our theoretical framework, regarding the recall and recognition impairments that are likely to be observed in patients with damage to various neural fields in medial temporal, anterolateral temporal, and occipitotemporal regions. In turn, the evidence uncovered in these studies will help optimize the evolving theoretical account. In addition to furthering understanding of the neural substrates of learning and memory, which is a core theme of neuroscience, elucidating the neural basis of memory has several practical consequences. It will promote better diagnosis of the numerous patients who suffer from memory impairments caused by neurological disease, including head injury, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease, and permit the design of rehabilitation techniques which may partially offset their defects. Knowledge gained from our studies may enhance the design of tasks in which humans are required to learn and recognize, and optimize the design of computational systems capable of learning and recognizing information. Our approach is aimed at both the structural and psychological levels (i.e., neuroanatomical systems and cognitive processes), we are in an advantageous position to capitalize on the unique opportunities affordable by neuropsychological experimentation in humans with brain damage.

利用神经结构和运作的理论， 在目前的资助期间开发的内存，我们计划研究 患有广泛的学习和记忆障碍的患者，特别是 那些记忆障碍局限于感觉模态或 知识领域。 目标是包裹神经基质， 传统上被称为语义（通用）和情景记忆， 研究记忆和识别的神经系统， 知识领域和不同层次的分类复杂性。 我们的目标 在测试我们的理论框架中的一些假设时， 关于记忆和认知障碍， 观察到在患者的各种神经领域的损害，在内侧 颞区、前外侧颞区和枕颞区。 反过来， 这些研究中发现的证据将有助于优化 理论账户 除了进一步了解的神经基板， 学习和记忆，这是神经科学的核心主题，阐明了 记忆的神经基础有几个实际后果。 它将促进 更好地诊断患有记忆障碍的患者 由神经系统疾病引起的损伤，包括头部损伤，中风， 和阿尔茨海默氏症，并允许设计康复技术 这可以部分地弥补它们的缺陷。 知识来自我们的 研究可能会加强任务的设计，其中人类需要 学习和识别，并优化计算系统的设计 能够学习和识别信息。 我们的方法旨在 结构和心理水平（即，神经解剖系统 和认知过程），我们处于有利地位， 神经心理学能够提供的独特机会 在脑损伤的人身上做实验