ANATOMICAL BASIS OF MEMORY

记忆的解剖学基础

• 批准号: 6349234
• 负责人: ANTONIO R DAMASIO
• 金额: $ 29.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6349234
• 关键词: amygdala; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral degeneration; cerebral ischemia /hypoxia; clinical research; cognition; form /pattern perception; hippocampus; human subject; learning disorders; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychology; occipital lobe /cortex; sensorimotor system; temporal lobe /cortex; visual cortex; visual stimulus

Drawing on a theory of the neural architecture and operation underlying memory developed during the current funding period, we plan to study patients with a broad range of disorders of learning and memory, especially those with memory impairments circumscribed to a sensory modality or to a domain of knowledge. The goal is to parcellate the neural substrates of what is traditionally known as semantic (generic) and episodic memory, by studying neural systems underlying recall and recognition for varied knowledge domains and for different levels of taxonomic complexity. We aim at testing a number of hypotheses derived from our theoretical framework, regarding the recall and recognition impairments that are likely to be observed in patients with damage to various neural fields in medial temporal, anterolateral temporal, and occipitotemporal regions. In turn, the evidence uncovered in these studies will help optimize the evolving theoretical account. In addition to furthering understanding of the neural substrates of learning and memory, which is a core theme of neuroscience, elucidating the neural basis of memory has several practical consequences. It will promote better diagnosis of the numerous patients who suffer from memory impairments caused by neurological disease, including head injury, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease, and permit the design of rehabilitation techniques which may partially offset their defects. Knowledge gained from our studies may enhance the design of tasks in which humans are required to learn and recognize, and optimize the design of computational systems capable of learning and recognizing information. Our approach is aimed at both the structural and psychological levels (i.e., neuroanatomical systems and cognitive processes), we are in an advantageous position to capitalize on the unique opportunities affordable by neuropsychological experimentation in humans with brain damage.

借鉴了神经结构和潜在操作的理论 在当前资助期间发展起来的记忆力，我们计划研究 有广泛学习和记忆障碍的患者，特别是 那些有记忆障碍的人局限于感觉通道或 知识领域。我们的目标是将神经基质分离出来 传统上被称为语义(一般)和情景记忆，通过 不同记忆与再认的神经系统研究 知识领域和不同程度的分类复杂性。我们的目标是 在测试从我们的理论框架中得出的一些假设时， 关于召回和认知障碍，很可能是 内侧不同神经野损害患者的观察 颞区、前外侧区和枕颞区。反过来, 这些研究中发现的证据将有助于优化 理论上的解释。 除了加深对神经基础的了解外， 学习和记忆，这是神经科学的核心主题，阐明了 记忆的神经基础有几个实际后果。它将促进 更好地诊断众多记忆障碍患者 由神经系统疾病引起的损伤，包括头部损伤、中风、 和阿尔茨海默氏症，并允许设计康复技术 这可以部分地抵消它们的缺陷。从我们的工作中获得的知识 研究可能会增强任务的设计，在这些任务中，人类需要 学习、认识和优化计算系统的设计 能够学习和识别信息。我们的方法旨在 结构层面和心理层面(即神经解剖系统 和认知过程)，我们处于有利地位，可以利用 论神经心理学所能承受的独特机遇 在大脑受损的人类身上进行实验。