MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders

MRC 神经发育障碍中心

• 批准号: MR/W006251/1
• 负责人: Oscar Marin
• 金额: $ 243.5万
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FW006251%2F1
• 关键词: MRC; Centre; Neurodevelopmental; Disorders

Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions which are caused by an alteration in the development of the nervous system. Intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder and many forms of epilepsy are caused by disturbances in the typical programme of brain development. Even psychosis and related disorders, which typically emerge later in life, are thought to have a developmental origin. Developmental brain disorders often cause life-long disability and current treatments, at best, are merely palliative.Brain development is a highly orchestrated process directed by genetic information and influenced by many environmental factors. The human brain develops over two decades, a very substantial part of our life. During that time, the brain grows from a microscopic structure to a remarkable organ that enables us to interact with the physical world, communicate, learn and imagine the unknown. Alterations in this very protracted program result in neurodevelopmental disorders. Developmental brain disorders arise through a combination of genetic and environmental (non-genetic) influences. Research over the past decade has shown that genetic changes are the most important risk factor for developmental brain disorders, independently of whether they manifest early in life, such as autism spectrum disorder or only become clinically detectable in young adults, such as psychosis. Recent advances in human genetics have identified specific mutations with these disorders. Unfortunately, we still do not understand how these mutations and concomitant environmental insults cause neurodevelopmental disorders. When the Centre was established five years ago, our vision was to build a world-class Centre at King's College London with research programmes that will transform our understanding of the origin of neurodevelopmental disorders. We have created a research environment in which we are effectively dissolving some of the boundaries preventing our progress, such as the lack of interaction between basic and clinical scientists and between clinical specialists working on different but related disorders. At the core of our strategy is an innovative PhD Programme that is training a new generation of scientists with the skills to comfortably work across basic and clinical research settings and sustain collaborations across groups.The crucial limitation for the design of new medicines for neurodevelopmental disorders continues to be our insufficient understanding of the changes that occur in the brain of affected individuals. In the next five years, the main focus of our efforts will remain the exploration of the biological mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders. In the long term, we aim to translate the new knowledge into clinical advances that change the lives of affected individuals and their families, in collaboration with industrial partners, other research centres and patient associations.

神经发育障碍是由神经系统发育的改变引起的一组病症。智力残疾、自闭症谱系障碍和许多形式的癫痫都是由大脑发育的典型程序紊乱引起的。即使是精神病和相关疾病，通常出现在以后的生活中，也被认为有一个发展的起源。大脑发育障碍通常会导致终身残疾，目前的治疗充其量只是治标不治本。大脑发育是一个由遗传信息指导并受许多环境因素影响的高度协调的过程。人类大脑的发展超过二十年，这是我们生活中非常重要的一部分。在这段时间里，大脑从一个微观结构成长为一个非凡的器官，使我们能够与物理世界互动，交流，学习和想象未知。在这个非常漫长的程序中的改变导致神经发育障碍。大脑发育障碍是遗传和环境（非遗传）影响的结合。过去十年的研究表明，遗传变化是大脑发育障碍最重要的风险因素，无论它们是否在生命早期表现出来，如自闭症谱系障碍，或仅在年轻人中临床检测到，如精神病。人类遗传学的最新进展已经确定了这些疾病的特定突变。不幸的是，我们仍然不知道这些突变和伴随的环境损伤如何导致神经发育障碍。五年前，当该中心成立时，我们的愿景是在伦敦国王学院建立一个世界级的中心，其研究计划将改变我们对神经发育障碍起源的理解。我们创造了一个研究环境，在这个环境中，我们正在有效地消除一些阻碍我们进步的界限，例如基础和临床科学家之间缺乏互动，以及从事不同但相关疾病的临床专家之间缺乏互动。我们战略的核心是一个创新的博士项目，旨在培养新一代的科学家，使他们能够轻松地在基础和临床研究环境中工作，并维持跨群体的合作。设计神经发育障碍新药的关键限制仍然是我们对受影响个体大脑中发生的变化的理解不足。在未来的五年里，我们努力的主要重点仍然是探索神经发育障碍的生物学机制。从长远来看，我们的目标是将新知识转化为临床进步，与工业合作伙伴，其他研究中心和患者协会合作，改变受影响个人及其家庭的生活。

项目成果

Atypical Neurogenesis in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Autistic Individuals.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.06.014
• 发表时间: 2021-03-01
• 期刊: Biological psychiatry
• 影响因子: 10.6
• 作者: Adhya D;Swarup V;Nagy R;Dutan L;Shum C;Valencia-Alarcón EP;Jozwik KM;Mendez MA;Horder J;Loth E;Nowosiad P;Lee I;Skuse D;Flinter FA;Murphy D;McAlonan G;Geschwind DH;Price J;Carroll J;Srivastava DP;Baron-Cohen S
• 通讯作者: Baron-Cohen S

Refinements to rodent head fixation and fluid/food control for neuroscience

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109705
• 发表时间: 2022-09-15
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Barkus, Chris;Bergmann, Caroline;Prescott, Mark J.
• 通讯作者: Prescott, Mark J.

Application of Airy beam light sheet microscopy to examine early neurodevelopmental structures in 3D hiPSC-derived human cortical spheroids.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00413-1
• 发表时间: 2021-01-22
• 期刊: Molecular autism
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Adhya D;Chennell G;Crowe JA;Valencia-Alarcón EP;Seyforth J;Hosny NA;Yasvoina MV;Forster R;Baron-Cohen S;Vernon AC;Srivastava DP
• 通讯作者: Srivastava DP

The chromatin remodelling factor Chd7 protects auditory neurons and sensory hair cells from stress-induced degeneration

染色质重塑因子 Chd7 保护听觉神经元和感觉毛细胞免受压力引起的退化

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.05.425431
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Ahmed M

Neuroimmune disorders in COVID-19.

• DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11050-w
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Journal of neurology
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Ariño H;Heartshorne R;Michael BD;Nicholson TR;Vincent A;Pollak TA;Vogrig A
• 通讯作者: Vogrig A