Immigration Detention: Investigating the Expansion and Global Diffusion of a Failed Project
移民拘留:调查失败项目的扩张和全球扩散
基本信息
- 批准号:MR/W011506/2
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 134.43万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Fellowship
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2023 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project examines the expansion and diffusion of immigration detention systems around the world, despite evidence that they do not deliver stated policy objectives and cause harm. Immigration detention fails to deter, is disproportionate to immigration control objectives, discriminates on the basis of race, gender and class, and often includes inhuman and degrading treatment. Scholars have highlighted the high financial and human costs of detention that regularly involves the incarceration of already vulnerable adults and children, produces additional vulnerabilities, and harms detained individuals and their families. Despite these failings, immigration detention systems are expanding across the world. Why? This project has two aims. First, it seeks to understand why immigration detention policies continue to be pursued and how they have diffused globally (Aim 1). What are the state and non-state agents of diffusion, what is their role in the diffusion of this policy and what interests do they have in immigration detention? What functions does immigration detention play beyond stated policy goals? Second, the project critically assesses resistance to immigration detention (Aim 2). Why have academics and activists been unable to convince policymakers of basic truths about detention, such as its failure to deter? Where have they been effective at resisting the expansion of detention and how might we learn from their successes? And finally, how has the Covid pandemic affected detention practices and NGO activism? Here, I adopt a participatory research approach with NGOs as key collaborators in the research design, execution, and dissemination.The project delivers its aims through the comparison of three case studies: Australia, the UK, and the US. These countries are early adopters of immigration detention and remain innovators and leaders in the transnational policy field. They maintain the largest detention systems in the world and, in contrast to most other countries, enforce mandatory and/or indefinite detention. They are powerful actors whose policy choices are less affected by coercive exogenous factors, thus allowing us to probe why states adopt and sustain policies that fail to produce explicit policy goals. Finally, they represent liberal democracies whose ostensible commitments to human rights and the rule of law are fundamental to their nationalist projects and run counter to the practice of detention.A range of methods are used, including (1) documentary analysis of policies and archival material; (2) discourse analysis of media coverage; (2) interviews and (3) focus groups with state and non-state agents of diffusion (policymakers, multinational companies, international orgs), and actors involved in resisting detention (NGOs, detainees, their friends/family, detention staff). In each country, key NGOs will participate as research collaborators. Analysis will focus first within each case and include discourse and thematic analysis, alongside a genealogical analysis to policy diffusion. A systematic comparative analysis between cases then follows to capture how the global and local intersect, how flawed policies travel transnationally and find resistance at the local, national and international levels.The project engages and contributes to a number of academic literatures, including on (1) policy diffusion/transfer; (2) social movements; and (3) race and colonialism. The systematic, comparative approach breaks new ground in the study of detention, as existing scholarship largely theorizes from single country case studies and assumes the US to be the primary innovator in the field. Public and policy engagement are also central to the project. Advocacy organizations, policymakers and other stakeholders are integrated throughout the research to ensure the study's success, help publicize findings, and identify opportunities to change public discourse on detention and promote less harmful policies.
本项目考察了移民拘留制度在世界各地的扩张和扩散,尽管有证据表明,这些制度没有实现既定的政策目标,而且造成了危害。移民拘留不能阻止,与移民管制目标不成比例,是基于种族、性别和阶级的歧视,往往包括不人道和有辱人格的待遇。学者们强调了拘留所造成的高昂的经济和人力成本,这通常涉及监禁本已脆弱的成人和儿童,造成更多的脆弱性,并伤害被拘留者及其家人。尽管存在这些缺陷,移民拘留系统仍在世界范围内扩展。为什么?这个项目有两个目的。首先,它试图理解为什么移民拘留政策继续执行,以及它们如何在全球范围内扩散(目标1)。什么是扩散的国家和非国家代理人,他们在这项政策的扩散中扮演什么角色,他们在移民拘留中有什么利益?除了既定的政策目标之外,移民拘留还有什么功能?其次,该项目批判性地评估了对移民拘留的抵制(目标2)。为什么学者和活动人士无法让政策制定者相信拘留的基本真相,比如它没有起到威慑作用?他们在哪些方面有效地抵制了拘留的扩大,我们可以从他们的成功中学到什么?最后,新冠疫情对拘留做法和非政府组织活动有何影响?在这里,我采用了一种参与式的研究方法,非政府组织作为研究设计、执行和传播的主要合作者。该项目通过对澳大利亚、英国和美国三个案例的比较来实现其目标。这些国家是移民拘留的早期采用者,并且仍然是跨国政策领域的创新者和领导者。它们拥有世界上最大的拘留系统,与大多数其他国家不同,它们实行强制性和(或)无限期拘留。他们是强有力的行动者,其政策选择较少受到强制性外生因素的影响,从而使我们能够探究为什么国家采取和维持无法产生明确政策目标的政策。最后,他们代表着自由民主国家,表面上对人权和法治的承诺是其民族主义项目的基础,与拘留的做法背道而驰。使用了一系列方法,包括:(1)对政策和档案材料进行文献分析;(2)媒体报道的话语分析;(2)与国家和非国家传播代理人(政策制定者、跨国公司、国际组织)以及参与抵制拘留的行动者(非政府组织、被拘留者、他们的朋友/家人、拘留人员)进行访谈和(3)焦点小组讨论。在每个国家,主要的非政府组织将作为研究合作者参与。分析将首先集中在每个案例中,包括话语和主题分析,以及对政策扩散的宗谱分析。然后对案例进行系统的比较分析,以捕捉全球和地方是如何相交的,有缺陷的政策是如何跨国传播的,以及在地方、国家和国际层面上遇到的阻力。该项目涉及并贡献了许多学术文献,包括:(1)政策扩散/转移;(2)社会运动;(3)种族和殖民主义。系统的、比较的方法在拘留研究中开辟了新的领域,因为现有的学术研究主要是从单个国家的案例研究中进行理论研究,并假设美国是该领域的主要创新者。公众和政策参与也是该项目的核心。倡导组织、政策制定者和其他利益相关者在整个研究过程中得到整合,以确保研究的成功,帮助宣传研究结果,并确定改变公众对拘留的讨论和促进危害较小的政策的机会。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Cetta Mainwaring其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Cetta Mainwaring', 18)}}的其他基金
Immigration Detention: Investigating the Expansion and Global Diffusion of a Failed Project
移民拘留:调查失败项目的扩张和全球扩散
- 批准号:
MR/W011506/1 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 134.43万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship
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