AFFECTIVE AND CONATIVE CHANGES IN ALCOHOLISM

酗酒的情感和意向变化

• 批准号: 6124025
• 负责人: MARLENE OSCAR BERMAN
• 金额: $ 10.02万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-12-01 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6124025
• 关键词: Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome; adult human (21+); age difference; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; attention; behavior test; cerebral dominance; clinical research; cognition disorders; gender difference; handedness; human subject; mood disorders; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; neurotoxicology; organic brain syndrome; perception disorder

This is an application for an ADAMHA Senior Scientist Award (SSA). The SSA would permit the PI (a) to devote all of her research efforts to alcoholism; (b)to expand her research and mentoring activities concerned with gender issues in alcoholism; and (c) to gain valuable experience with structural and functional neuroimaging techniques. In conjunction with 2RO1 AA 07112-09, investigations are planned to examine changes in affect (emotion) and conation (intention) in abstinent alcoholics. Secondary aims of the research are to expand studies of age-related changes and gender differences in emotional and intentional functions. The importance of the research is fourfold: (1) Putative sites of alcohol-related brain damage involve separate frontal systems which are tied to different perceptual/cognitive aspects of emotional and intentional behaviors; (2) gender differences in alcohol- related neurobehavioral functions are ripe for experimental exploration; (3) the literature on whether emotional changes have reciprocal effects on perception and cognition in alcoholism is equivocal and controversial; and (4) even though affective and conative abnormalities have been clinically apparent in alcoholic groups, neuropsychological studies have focused primarily on cognitive changes unrelated to emotion and intention. In the proposed experiments we will enlist the participation of right- handed male and female research subjects ranging in age from 20 to 75 years. The experimental groups will include abstinent alcoholics with and without Korsakoff's syndrome. Patterns and levels of performances by the alcoholics will be compared to those of age-matched nonalcoholic subjects, in order to evaluate the ways in which behavioral consequences of aging and alcoholism are parallel, divergent, or interactive. Additionally, patients with right-frontal or bilateral frontal lobe damage from cerebrovascular accidents will provide the necessary control comparisons for neurobehavioral changes linked directly to focal brain damage. These groups were chosen specifically to clarify frontal system contributions to deficits of Korsakoff and non-Korsakoff alcoholics. We also will be able to evaluate hypotheses about greater right- than left-hemisphere functional decline in the alcoholic and aging groups, and in women compared to men. It is expected that results of the proposed studies will show clear evidence of frontal-mediated affective and conative changes in alcoholics (most notably in the Korsakoff patients), but that these changes will not be conspicuous in aging populations uncomplicated by alcoholism. By contrast, certain aspects of perceptual functioning will be compromised by aging - whether or not a history of alcohol abuse exists. Finally, women will display different performance patterns than men.

这是Adamha高级科学家奖（SSA）的申请。这 SSA将允许PI（a）将她的所有研究工作用于 酗酒; （b）扩大她的研究和指导活动 关注酒精中毒中的性别问题； （c）获得有价值的 具有结构和功能性神经影像技术的经验。 与2RO1 AA 07112-09结合使用，计划进行调查 检查情感（情感）和锥形（意图）的变化 戒酒。该研究的次要目的是扩展 研究与年龄相关的变化和情感上的性别差异和性别差异 故意功能。研究的重要性是四重：（1） 与酒精相关的脑损伤的推定部位涉及单独的正面 与不同的感知/认知方面相关的系统 情感和故意行为； （2）酒精的性别差异 - 相关的神经行为功能已经成熟用于实验 勘探; （3）关于情感变化是否有的文献 对酒精中毒的感知和认知的相互影响是 模棱两可的和有争议的； （4）即使情感和圆锥形 在酒精组中，异常在临床上已经显而易见， 神经心理学研究主要集中于认知变化 与情感和意图无关。 在拟议的实验中，我们将获得右的参与 男性和女性研究对象的年龄从20岁到75岁不等 年。实验组将包括戒酒 并且没有科萨科夫综合症。表演的模式和水平 将酗酒者与年龄匹配的非酒精饮料进行比较 主题，以评估行为的方式 衰老和酒精中毒的后果是平行的，不同的，或 交互的。此外，右额外或双侧患者 脑血管事故的额叶伤害将提供 与神经行为变化有关的必要控制比较 直接面向局灶性脑损伤。这些组是专门选择的 阐明额叶系统对科萨科夫和赤字的贡献 非korsakoff酗酒者。我们还将能够评估假设 大约比左半球的功能下降大约要大 酗酒和衰老组，与男性相比。这是 期望拟议的研究结果将显示明确的证据 额叶介导的酗酒者的情感和圆锥形变化（大多数 值得注意的是，在科萨科夫患者中），但是这些变化不是 在酗酒的简单衰老人群中明显。经过 对比，感知功能的某些方面将受到损害 通过衰老 - 是否存在酗酒史。最后， 女性将表现出与男性不同的表现模式。