Affective and Cognative Changes in Alcoholism

酗酒的情感和认知变化

基本信息

批准号：
6865622
负责人：
MARLENE OSCAR BERMAN
金额：
$ 10.67万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-12-01 至 2007-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application for the renewal of a Senior Scientist Award (SSA) that began under NIAAA sponsorship on 12/01/96. In keeping with the goals of the prior term of the SSA, its renewal would permit the PI to continue to: (a) devote all of her research efforts to alcoholism, (b) gain needed experience with structural and functional neuro- imaging techniques in the study of alcoholism-related brain abnormalities, and provide mentoring to women scientists. In conjunction with R37 AA 07112, we will examine the interactive effects of alcoholism, aging, and gender. Male and female abstinent alcoholics and nonalcoholic controls ranging in age from 18 to 80 years will participate in behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuro-imaging (MRI) components of the study. In the behavioral tasks, we will vary both the emotional content of the materials presented (emotional words and facial expressions), and the type of cognitive ability needed for task performance. That is, we will separately measure memory encoding and retrieval of the emotional stimuli. Here we make use of the fact that when people use deep encoding strategies (or make inferential judgements about stimuli) to remember information, their retrieval levels are better than if they use shallow encoding strategies (or observe physical stimulus attributes). For the deep encoding operations (i.e., to yield high recognition rates), we will require participants to judge whether a word is abstract or concrete (or whether a face is, or is not, honest). For the shallow encoding operation (i.e., to yield lower recognition rates), participants will judge whether a word is in capital or small letters (or if a face is male or female). For intermediate encoding, participants will judge whether a word (or a face) represents a positive, negative, or neutral emotions. The neuro-imaging portion of the project consists of structural MRIs obtained prior to testing, as well as functional MRIs (FMRI) obtained during task performance while viewing or recalling emotional words or faces. From the scans, we will obtain in vivo correlative information on brain structure and function before, during, and after exposure to emotional stimuli. Regions of interest (R01s) include the pre-frontal cortex and medial temporal areas. As an adjunct to mapping the central hemodynamic (FMRI) changes, we will concurrently record electrodermal activity to examine the coupling between the autonomic and central measures during emotional activation. The structural MRI scans will show the locus and extent of brain abnormalities; the FMRI scans will determine which frontal and limbic regions are participating in all aspects of the tasks; and the electrodermal measures will indicate trials on which the arousal system was, or was not engaged.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是续签的申请由NIAAA赞助的高级科学家奖（SSA） 12/01/96。为了符合SSA先前任期的目标，其续约将允许PI继续：（a）将她的所有研究工作用于酒精中毒，（b）在结构和功能性神经上获得所需的经验与酒精中毒相关的脑异常的研究中的成像技术，向女科学家提供指导。结合R37 AA 07112，我们将检查酒精中毒，衰老和性别。男性和女性戒酒， 18至80岁的非酒精对照将参与行为，电生理和神经成像（MRI）成分学习。在行为任务中，我们将改变两者的情感内容提出的材料（情感词和面部表情）和类型任务执行所需的认知能力。也就是说，我们将分别测量编码和检索情绪刺激的记忆。我们在这里做使用以下事实：当人们使用深层编码策略时（或做出关于刺激的推论判断）要记住信息，他们的检索水平比使用浅编码策略（或观察物理刺激属性）。对于深层编码操作（即产生高认可率），我们将要求参与者判断是否是否单词是抽象的或具体的（或者是诚实的）。为了浅编码操作（即产生较低的识别率），参与者将判断一个单词是在资本或小信件中（或者是否是脸是男性或女性）。对于中间编码，参与者将判断单词（或脸）是否代表积极，负或中立情绪。该项目的神经成像部分包括获得的结构MRI 在测试之前以及任务期间获得的功能性MRI（fMRI）在查看或回忆情感单词或面孔时性能。来自扫描，我们将获得有关大脑结构和在暴露于情绪刺激之前，期间和之后的功能。区域兴趣（R01）包括前额叶皮层和内侧时间区域。作为绘制中央血流动力学（fMRI）变化的辅助功能，我们将同时记录电肌活动以检查情绪激活期间的自主和中心措施。结构MRI 扫描将显示大脑异常的基因范围和程度； fMRI扫描将确定哪些额叶和边缘区域正在参与所有任务的各个方面；并且电措施将表明对唤醒系统是或没有参与的。